[Effects of the LIPE C-60G polymorphism on changes of plasma lipids and glucose induced by a high-carbohydrate diet in healthy youth].

Objective: To investigate the interaction of the C-60G polymorphism of hormone sensitive lipase gene (LIPE) with a high carbohydrate (high-CHO) diet on plasma lipids and glucose in a young and healthy Chinese Han population.

Methods: 27 males and 29 females were given a washout diets of 31% fat, 54% carbohydrate and 15% protein for 7 days, followed by the high-CHO diet of 15% fat, 70% carbohydrate and 15% protein for 6 days, without total energy restriction. Plasma lipid profiles, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body mass index (BMI) at baseline, before and after the high-CHO diets as well as the LIPE C-60G polymorphism were analyzed.

Results: The females with the CC genotype had significantly higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I ) (P < 0.01, P < 0.01) than the males with the same genotype both before and after the high-CHO diet. After the high-CHO diet, only the females with the CC genotype had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) (P < 0.01) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P < 0.05) than their male counterparts. Compared with those before the high-CHO diet, the males with the CC genotype had significantly lower levels of BMI (P < 0.05), TC (P < 0.01) and LDL-C (P < 0.01), but significantly higher levels of HDL-C (P < 0.01) and apo A-I (P < 0.05) after the high-CHO diet. The males with the CG genotype experienced significant decreases of BMI (P < 0.05) and TC (P < 0.01). The females with the CC genotype experienced significant decreases of TC (P < 0.01) and LDL-C (P < 0.01) but significant increases of triglyceride (TG) (P < 0.01) and insulin (P < 0.05). The females with the CG genotype experienced a significant decrease of TC (P < 0.05) but a significant increase of TG (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: LIPE C-60G variation can inhibit the decrease of LDL-C and the increases of HDL-C and apo A-I in young healthy males induced by the high-CHO diet, and can inhibit the decrease of LDL-C and the increase of insulin in young healthy females induced by the same diet.