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The fractal state of the arterial vascular tree is considered to have a universal dimension related to the principle of minimum work rate, but can demonstrate the capacity to adapt to other dimensions in disease states such as congenital high-flow pulmonary hypertension (PH) by a process that is incompletely understood. To document and interpret fractal adaptation in patients with different degrees of PH, pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance was analyzed by a model that evaluated the fractal dimension, x, of the Poiseuille resistance contribution of the arterial vessel radius between 10 and 100μm, via the proportionality Q∝(R(peri)/BL)(-x/4), with Q, R(peri), and BL clinically observed variables representing total pulmonary or systemic blood flow, its peripheral arterial resistance, and body length, respectively. Identification of x in the pulmonary (P) and systemic (S) beds was evaluated from hemodynamic data of 213 patients, categorized into 7 groups by PH grade. In controls without PH, x(P)=2.2 while the dimension increased to 3.0, with the systemic dimension constant at x(S)=3.1. Our model predicts that severe grades of PH are associated with: a more elongated and hindered vessel in the periphery, and reductions in vessel numbers, as unit pulmonary resistive arterial trees (N(1)) and their component intra-acinar arteries (N(W)). These model network changes suggest a complex adaptive process of arterial network reorganization in the pulmonary circulation to minimize the work rate of high-flow congenital heart defects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.07.016 | DOI Listing |
Rheumatology (Oxford)
December 2024
Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Objectives: Rituximab is emerging as a promising therapeutic option for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). However, little is known about factors that predict the efficacy of rituximab in SSc-ILD.
Methods: A post-hoc analysis was performed on prospective data from 48 patients with SSc-ILD in the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled DESIRES trial.
Clin Transl Oncol
December 2024
Centro Oncológico Integral Canario, Hospital Universitario San Roque, Las Palmas, Spain.
Aim: To assess for the first time the safety and feasibility of combining photon-IntraOperative RadioTherapy (ph-IORT) with hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation (hWBI) in patients referred to adjuvant radiotherapy after Breast-Conserving Surgery (BCS).
Methods: From February 2019 to August 2020, patients referred for breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in our institution were prospectively included in the present trial. BCS was discussed in the multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB).
Elife
December 2024
UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their combination with other therapies such as chemotherapy, fail in most cancer patients. We previously identified the PDZ-LIM domain-containing protein 2 (PDLIM2) as a bona fide tumor suppressor that is repressed in lung cancer to drive cancer and its chemo and immunotherapy resistance, suggesting a new target for lung cancer therapy improvement. In this study, human clinical samples and data were used to investigate genetic and epigenetic changes in lung cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Rheumatol
December 2024
Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Pharming Healthcare, Warren, NJ, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-related lung disease (sJIA-LD) is a severe complication in patients with treatment-refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) in a cohort of children with sJIA-LD.
Methods: This international, retrospective cohort study was performed in nine hospitals across the USA and Europe in children with sJIA-LD who had received allogeneic HSCT.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol
December 2024
1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Zagreb, Croatia.
Tattooing has become a popular global trend in industrialised countries, with the highest prevalence rates of up to 30-40 % in the adult population younger than 40 years. Common tattoo inks may contain heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and primary aromatic amines, toxic if exceeding permissible limits. It is estimated that about 14.
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