Although increasing evidence supports an association between endogenous sex hormones and cardiovascular disease, the results still remain controversial. This study aims to examine the association between endogenous sex hormones and indices of vascular function and structure. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and Δ4-androstenedione were measured in 120 healthy postmenopausal women aged 41 to 60 years. Possible associations with surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness, and endothelial function were investigated. Indices of arterial structure included carotid and femoral intima-media thickness and atheromatous plaques presence. Indices of arterial function included flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index. Total testosterone and free androgen index (FAI) were the most important predictors of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (β = 0.376 and β = 0.236, P < .001 and P = .014, respectively). Similarly, FAI was the only significant independent predictor of PWV (β = 0.254, P = .027) after adjusting for age, smoking, body mass index, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and blood lipids. Free estrogen index showed a positive association with PWV, independently of age, smoking, and body mass index, but not of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and blood lipids. Age-adjusted levels of DHEAS exhibited a significant independent negative association with measures of augmentation index. Follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, and Δ4-androstenedione were not associated with any of the vascular parameters independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Higher serum testosterone and FAI are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy recently menopausal women. This association is independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors or insulin resistance. On the contrary, serum DHEAS exhibits a negative association with arterial stiffness.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2011.06.005 | DOI Listing |
Background: The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and obesity) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, and metabolic syndrome) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The AHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, brain health, complications of pregnancy, kidney disease, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valvular disease, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs).
Methods: The AHA, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States and globally to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing.
Circulation
January 2025
Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD (Z.Y., E.T., Z.A.D., K.K.J., N.O., T.R., E.B., M.J.B.).
Background: Understanding the association of tobacco product use with subclinical markers is essential in evaluating health effects to inform regulatory policy. This is particularly relevant for noncigarette products (eg, cigars, pipes, and smokeless tobacco), which have been understudied because of their low prevalence in individual cohort studies.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 98 450 participants from the Cross-Cohort Collaboration-Tobacco data set.
A hospital based cross sectional study involving children aged 2-15 years attending the obesity clinic of a tertiary care hospital from January 2016 to March 2018 was carried out to study carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity. Secondary objective was to compare children with elevated (EcIMT) and normal cIMT (NcIMT). Out of 223 patients enrolled for the study, 102 (45.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34098 Istanbul, Türkiye.
: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a monogenic dyslipidemia that leads to early cardiovascular events. Subclinical atherosclerosis refers to the formation of atheromatous plaques in arterial beds before any clinical events. In our study, we investigated the presence, extent, and independent predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis among patients diagnosed with FH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
The interrelationship of thyroid volume and function with features of cardiovascular dysfunction has already been investigated but some aspects remain unclear, especially in terms of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in euthyroid patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement in ultrasound B-mode imaging in different vascular beds (most frequently within the common carotid artery) is one of the most important tools for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in both clinical practice and research. This article aimed to present the results of our research on the association between the thyroid evaluation parameters and the IMT measured in both the carotid and femoral arteries in euthyroid patients aged 18 to 65 years taking into account the influence of diabetes, hypertension, and excess body mass.
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