Given the xenogeneic immune reaction relevant to the molecular weight cutoff of the membrane of a bioartificial liver (BAL) system, we investigated the influence of membrane molecular weight cutoff in our BAL system in this study. Acute liver failure in beagles was induced by d-galactosamine administration. Eight beagles were divided into two groups by the membrane molecular weight cutoff of the plasma component separator. Group 1 beagles were treated with BAL containing 200 kDa retention rating membrane. Group 2 beagles were treated with BAL containing 1200 kDa retention rating membrane. Each group underwent two 6-h BAL treatments that were performed on day 1 and day 21. The hemodynamic and hematologic response, humoral immune responses, and cytotoxic immune response to BAL therapy were studied before and after treatments. All beagles remained hemodynamically and hematologically stable during BAL treatments. BAL treatment was associated with a significant decline in levels of complement; however, a longer time of level maintenance was observed in Group 2. Group 2 beagles experienced a significant increase in levels of IgG and IgM after two BAL treatments. Significant levels of canine proteins were detected in BAL medium from Group 2; only trace levels of canine proteins were detected in BAL medium from Group 1. The posttreatment viability of co-culture cells in Group 2 was lower compared with Group 1, and the viability of co-culture cells after treatments was associated with deposition of canine proteins on the cells. Xenogeneic immune response was influenced by membrane molecular weight cutoff in the BAL.
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