Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 3100
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
To date, four isoforms of triadins have been identified in rat skeletal muscle. While the function of the 95-kDa isoform in excitation-contraction coupling has been studied in detail, the role of the 32-kDa isoform (Trisk 32) remains elusive. Here, Trisk 32 overexpression was carried out by stable transfection in L6.G8 myoblasts. Co-localization of Trisk 32 and IP(3) receptors (IP(3)R) was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry, and their association was shown by co-immunoprecipitation. Functional effects of Trisk 32 on IP(3)-mediated Ca(2+) release were assessed by measuring changes in [Ca(2+)](i) following the stimulation by bradykinin or vasopressin. The amplitude of the Ca(2+) transients evoked by 20 μM bradykinin was significantly higher in Trisk 32-overexpressing (p < 0.01; 426 ± 84 nM, n = 27) as compared to control cells (76 ± 12 nM, n = 23). The difference remained significant (p < 0.02; 217 ± 41 nM, n = 21, and 97 ± 29 nM, n = 31, respectively) in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+). Similar observations were made when 0.1 μM vasopressin was used to initiate Ca(2+) release. Possible involvement of the ryanodine receptors (RyR) in these processes was excluded, after functional and biochemical experiments. Furthermore, Trisk 32 overexpression had no effect on store-operated Ca(2+) entry, despite a decrease in the expression of STIM1. These results suggest that neither the increased activity of RyR, nor the amplification of SOCE, is responsible for the differences observed in bradykinin- or vasopressin-evoked Ca(2+) transients; rather, they were due to the enhanced activity of IP(3)R. Thus, Trisk 32 not only co-localizes with, but directly contributes to, the regulation of Ca(2+) release via IP(3)R.
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Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-011-1001-y | DOI Listing |
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