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Objective: To explore the psychopathology of the victims of the UK Post Office scandal and the extent to which this can be adequately described by current classification of traumatic stress symptoms.
Design: Standard clinical interviews for the purposes of preparing medico-legal reports.
Setting: Face to face and virtual interviews.
When Self-Compassion Lacks Ferocity: Anger and Responding to False Accusations.
J Pers
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Objective: Self-compassion can help people when they make mistakes, but does it affect how people respond when falsely accused of making a mistake? In this research, we tested the hypothesis that self-compassion is associated with lower levels of anger after a false accusation which, in turn, lowers the likelihood that people will attempt to challenge the accusation.
Method: In Studies 1A (N = 422) and 1B (N = 492), participants imagined that they were playing in an important tennis match and were falsely accused by an official of making an error. In Study 2 (N = 346), participants completed an online survey that, at one point, displayed a message accusing them of plagiarizing one of their responses.
Continued influence of false accusations in forming impressions of political candidates.
PNAS Nexus
November 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 425 S. University Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Previous work has shown that false information affects decision-making even after being corrected, a phenomenon known as "continued influence effects" (CIEs). Using mock social media posts about fictional political candidates, we observe robust within-participant CIEs: candidates targeted by corrected accusations are rated more poorly than candidates not targeted by allegations. These effects occur both immediately and after as much as a 2-day delay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterview and interrogation methods and their effects on true and false confessions: A systematic review update and extension.
Campbell Syst Rev
December 2024
New York New York USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how different interrogation methods (like accusatorial vs. information-gathering) influence the rates of true and false confessions from mock criminal suspects, aiming to find an optimal approach that encourages honest confessions while reducing false ones.
- Researchers conducted a systematic review, updating previous work by assessing data from 27 articles and 81 effect sizes, primarily involving college students in the U.S., to analyze the impact of interrogation techniques.
- They employed rigorous methods for data selection and analysis, including network meta-analysis, and found that authors generally followed good research practices, such as double-blind procedures and transparent reporting.
Cutting edge document examination: The physical fit of machine-cut edges of paper.
J Forensic Sci
November 2024
Questioned Documents Department, Eurofins Forensic Services, Feltham, UK.
This technical note describes in detail a method for associating individual sheets of blank A4 white paper from the same ream by the physical fit of machine-cut edges. A large-scale laboratory trial involving ~700 sheets of paper from 24 different reams (plus one spoiled sample), and more than 20,000 potential physical fits, correctly associated and sequenced 219 pairs of sheets together with a 100% empirical success rate and no false associations. The edge profile of each short machine-cut end of a sheet of A4 paper allows us to physically fit sheets of paper from the same ream to each other and use this to predict the sequence of sheets in a set of documents.
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