[Analysis of results, quality indicators, and postsurgical complications in an outpatient dermatological surgery program].

Objective: To evaluate the results of an outpatient program for major dermatological surgery in patients with a range of skin conditions.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective, observational study of patients who underwent scheduled dermatological surgery as outpatients in a public hospital between 2004 and 2007. The most common procedures were excision of basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma with or without graft reconstruction. The rates of substitution (of inpatient procedures), cancellation, hospital admission, and readmission were analyzed along with service utilization and systemic complications arising within the first 72 hours of surgery. Variables were analyzed as relative frequencies. The occurrence of complications during the study period was analyzed by chi square test.

Results: A total of 2789 patients underwent surgery during the study period, and of those, 2757 procedures were performed on an outpatient basis (overall substitution rate, 17.99%). The service utilization was 74.36%. Fourteen patients were admitted to hospital following surgery (2.62%), and of those 12 were admitted immediately (85.71%). Nine patients had serious complications (cardiovascular, neurological, metabolic, or infectious), representing a proportional risk of 1:59. Less serious complications (hypertension, nausea, vomiting, and vasovagal syncope) requiring hospital admission occurred in 25 patients.

Conclusions: Major surgery undertaken on an outpatient basis is an excellent multidisciplinary surgical care model that allows well-selected patients to be treated effectively, safely, and efficiently. A small percentage of postoperative complications of varying severity can still occur despite patients' meeting optimal criteria for success. Fortunately, however, the rate of mortality is practically zero.