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Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Laboratory of Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology - LANE, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
Background: This study investigated microstructural features of the locus coeruleus to entorhinal cortex pathway (LC-EC) in relation to amyloid (A), tau (T), neurodegeneration (N) markers and cognitive impairment in memory clinic patients.
Method: 124 participants were recruited from the Geneva Memory Clinic (n=30 cognitively unimpaired - CU; n=80 MCI and n=14 dementia - CI) and underwent clinical assessment, 3T MRI scan including diffusion weighted imaging, amyloid PET, and tau PET. Diffusivity indices (fractional anisotropy - FA, mean, axial and radial diffusivities - MD, AxD, RD) were assessed in the LC-EC pathway using a probabilistic atlas.
Background: Studies suggest that structural changes in the midbrain are linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms such as memory, sleep, and emotional disturbances. Brainstem atrophy, particularly in the locus coeruleus, has also been linked with poorer executive function. Studies showing brainstem as one of the first regions affected by AD largely employed novel imaging techniques such as neuromelanin-sensitive MRI, which is limited to research environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The locus coeruleus (LC) is one of the earliest sites of tau accumulation and integrity of the rostral-middle LC may be a particularly early marker of AD-related changes. LC dysfunction may also promote further pathological accumulation. We examined relationships between LC integrity and plasma phospho-tau (pTau) and the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and whether baseline LC integrity moderates subsequent change in biomarker levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic pain leads to tau accumulation and hippocampal atrophy in mice. Tau accumulation in the locus coeruleus (LC) precedes medial temporal accumulation in humans. Here we provide one of the first human studies examining the association of chronic pain with hippocampal volume, LC integrity, and Alzheimer's Disease (AD)-related plasma biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Estimating the time course of locus coeruleus integrity changes is important for a better understanding of the pathophysiological cascade and for identifying the optimal window of opportunity for prevention trials. We used samples iterative local approximation (SILA) to determine the individual estimated time of onset of low LC integrity and related this to early cortical tau deposition and cognitive decline.
Methods: 101 individuals from the Harvard Aging Brain Study+ with longitudinal 3T MRI-LC imaging, 18F-Flortaucipir (FTP)-PET imaging (n=92 with longitudinal data), longitudinal cognitive assessments and baseline PiB-PET imaging were included (mean age: 69.
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