The characteristics of the deterministic Nagel-Schreckenberg model with traffic-light boundary conditions are investigated and elucidated in a mostly theoretically way. First, precise analytical results of the outflow are obtained for cases in which the duration of the red phase is longer than one step. Then, some results are found and studied for cases in which the red phase equals one step. The main findings include the following. The maximum outflow is "road-length related" if the inflow is saturated; otherwise, if the inbound cars are generated stochastically, multiple theoretical outflow volumes may exist. The findings indicate that although the traffic-light boundary can be implemented in a simple and deterministic manner, the deterministic Nagel-Schreckenberg model with such a boundary has some unique and interesting behaviors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.83.061150 | DOI Listing |
IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell
February 2023
Small and cluttered objects are common in real-world which are challenging for detection. The difficulty is further pronounced when the objects are rotated, as traditional detectors often routinely locate the objects in horizontal bounding box such that the region of interest is contaminated with background or nearby interleaved objects. In this paper, we first innovatively introduce the idea of denoising to object detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPilot Feasibility Stud
February 2021
Biostatistics Group, School of Medicine, Keele University, Room 1.111, David Weatherall Building, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
Background: The current CONSORT guidelines for reporting pilot trials do not recommend hypothesis testing of clinical outcomes on the basis that a pilot trial is under-powered to detect such differences and this is the aim of the main trial. It states that primary evaluation should focus on descriptive analysis of feasibility/process outcomes (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
April 2014
Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
Interaction between vehicles and pedestrians is seen in many areas such as crosswalks and intersections. In this paper, we study a totally asymmetric simple exclusion process with a bottleneck at a boundary caused by an interaction. Due to the time-dependent effect originating from the speed of pedestrians, the flow of the model varies even if the average hopping probability at the last site is the same.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatrics
May 2014
Child Health Evaluative Sciences, and Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and Orthopaedic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Surgery.
Prev Med
March 2014
Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Objectives: To estimate the proportion of children living within walking distance who walk to school in Toronto, Canada and identify built and social environmental correlates of walking.
Methods: Observational counts of school travel mode were done in 2011, at 118 elementary schools. Built environment data were obtained from municipal sources and school field audits and mapped onto school attendance boundaries.
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