AI Article Synopsis
- The paper discusses a rare case of a 16-month-old infant who experienced cardiorespiratory arrest due to severe vitamin D deficiency rickets and hypocalcemia.
- It emphasizes the importance of vitamin D supplementation for exclusively breastfed infants, particularly in cultural contexts where dietary sources may be limited.
- The conclusion stresses that vitamin D deficiency rickets can be life-threatening, highlighting the need for prevention, especially in high-risk groups such as infants from darker-skinned communities with limited sun exposure.
Article Abstract
Context: Clinical manifestations of vitamin D deficiency rickets are widely described; however cardiorespiratory arrest is an extremely rare presentation.
Objective: The aim of this paper is to present the symptoms of severe vitamin D deficiency rickets and to highlight the importance of vitamin D prophylaxis in infants.
Results: We report a case of a 16-month-old infant who presented to emergency room with a stridor that evolved into a full cardiorespiratory arrest secondary to hypocalcemia. Medical history revealed that the infant was exclusively breastfed without vitamin D supplementation until the age of 10 months. Due to cultural habits, his diet was also grossly deficient in dairy products. Physical exam revealed clinical signs of rickets. Laboratory test showed severe hypocalcemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, normal serum phosphorous, decreased 25(OH) cholecalciferol, increased intact parathyroid hormone level, and normal urine calcium excretion. The radiography of the wrist showed evidence of cupping, fraying, metaphyseal widening, and demineralization of the distal radial and ulnar metaphyses. The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry showed a Z-score below -2 SD. His cardiorespiratory arrest secondary to hypocalcemia was therefore attributed to severe nutritional rickets.
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency rickets can be life threatening. Vitamin D supplementation is therefore crucial, especially in breastfed infants and some ethnic minorities (dark-skinned people, poor sun exposure), more at risk for developing severe rickets if not supplemented.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1112 | DOI Listing |
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