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Preterm Neonates Exhibit a "Catch-Up" Pattern in Motor Development During the Neonatal Period: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.
Pediatr Neurol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Computational Imaging and Medical Intelligence, Xi'an, China. Electronic address:
Background: Preterm infants are at high risk for subsequent neurodevelopmental disability. Early developmental characterization of brain and neurobehavioral function is critical for identifying high-risk infants. This study aimed to elucidate the early evolution of sensorimotor function in preterm neonates by exploring postnatal age-related changes in the brain white matter (WM) and neurobehavioral abilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHodological patterning as an organizing principle in vertebrate motor circuitry.
Front Neuroanat
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Hodological patterning refers to developmental mechanisms that link the location of neurons in the brain or spinal cord to specific axonal trajectories that direct connectivity to synaptic targets either within the central nervous system or in the periphery. In vertebrate motor circuits, hodological patterning has been demonstrated at different levels, from the final motor output of somatic and preganglionic autonomic neurons targeting peripheral motoneurons and ganglion cells, to premotor inputs from spinal and brainstem neuron populations targeting the somatic motoneurons and preganglionic autonomic neurons, to cortical neurons that delegate movement commands to the brainstem and spinal neurons. In many cases molecular profiling reveals potential underlying mechanisms whereby selective gene expression creates the link between location and axon trajectory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutomated White Matter Fiber Tract Segmentation for the Brainstem.
NMR Biomed
February 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
This study aimed to develop an automatic segmentation method for brainstem fiber bundles. We utilized the brainstem as a seed region for probabilistic tractography based on multishell, multitissue constrained spherical deconvolution in 40 subjects from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). All tractography data were registered into a common space to construct a brainstem fiber cluster atlas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe corticospinal tract (CST) facilitates skilled, precise movements, which necessitates that subcerebral projection neurons (SCPN) establish segmentally specific connectivity with brainstem and spinal circuits. Developmental molecular delineation enables prospective identification of corticospinal neurons (CSN) projecting to thoraco-lumbar spinal segments; however, it remains unclear whether other SCPN subpopulations in developing sensorimotor cortex can be prospectively identified in this manner. Such molecular tools could enable investigations of SCPN circuitry with precision and specificity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorticospinal and Clinical Effects of Muscle Tendon Vibration in Neurologically Impaired Individuals. A Scoping Review.
J Mot Behav
December 2024
Laboratoire de recherche Biomécanique & Neurophysiologique en Réadaptation neuro-musculo-squelettique, Centre intersectoriel en santé durable, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Canada.
This review verified the extent, variety, quality and main findings of studies that have tested the neurophysiological and clinical effects of muscle tendon vibration (VIB) in individuals with sensorimotor impairments. The search was conducted on PubMed, CINAHL, and SportDiscuss up to April 2024. Studies were selected if they included humans with neurological impairments, applied VIB and used at least one measure of corticospinal excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
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