Background: Impulsivity is a multifaceted personality construct associated with numerous psychiatric disorders. Recent research has characterized four facets of impulsivity: "urgency" (the tendency to act rashly especially in the context of distress or cravings); "lack of premeditation" (not envisaging the consequences of actions); "lack of perseverance" (not staying focused on a task); and "sensation seeking" (engaging in exciting activities). Urgency is particularly associated with clinical populations and problematic disinhibited behavior.
Methods: We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure concentration of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in two cohorts of 12 and 13 participants.
Results: We find that variation in trait urgency in healthy men correlates with GABA concentration in the DLPFC. The result was replicated in an independent cohort. More GABA predicted lower urgency scores, consistent with a role in self-control for GABA-mediated inhibitory mechanisms in DLPFC.
Conclusions: These findings help account for individual differences in self-control and thus clarify the relationship between GABA and a wide range of psychiatric disorders associated with impaired self-control.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3192031 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.05.030 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: A High-level Hub for Allostatic Cardiovascular Control.
Curr Neuropharmacol
January 2025
2-nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is increasingly targeted by various noninvasive transcranial magnetic stimulation or transcranial current stimulation protocols in a range of neuropsychiatric and other brain disorders. The rationale for this therapeutic modulation remains elusive. A model is proposed, and up-to-date evidence is discussed, suggesting that the dlPFC is a high-level cortical centre where uncertainty management, movement facilitation, and cardiovascular control processes are intertwined and integrated to deliver optimal behavioural responses in particular environmental or emotional contexts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent source density and functional connectivity extracted from resting-state electroencephalography as biomarkers for chronic low back pain.
Pain Rep
February 2025
Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
Introduction: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a global health issue, and its nonspecific causes make treatment challenging. Understanding the neural mechanisms of CLBP should contribute to developing effective therapies.
Objectives: To compare current source density (CSD) and functional connectivity (FC) extracted from resting electroencephalography (EEG) between patients with CLBP and healthy controls and to examine the correlations between EEG indices and symptoms.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for fibromyalgia: are we there yet?
Pain Rep
February 2025
Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has increasingly been used to modify cortical maladaptive plastic changes shown to occur in fibromyalgia (FM) and to correlate with symptoms. Evidence for its efficacy is currently inconclusive, mainly due to heterogeneity of stimulation parameters used in trials available to date. Here, we reviewed the current evidence on the use of rTMS for FM control in the format of a narrative review, in which a systematic dissection of the different stimulation parameters would be possible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurophysiological Markers of Regulation Success in Everyday Life in Depression.
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Background: Self-regulation often is disrupted in depression and is characterized by negative affect and inflexible parasympathetic responses. Yet, our understanding of brain mechanisms of self-regulatory processes largely has been limited to laboratory contexts. Measuring individual differences in self-regulatory processes in everyday life - and their neural correlates - could inform our understanding of depression phenotypes and reveal novel intervention targets that impact everyday functioning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisease-State Dependent Associations Between Intrinsic Brain Function and Symptoms of Fatigue, Depression, and Anxiety in Crohn's Disease.
Inflamm Bowel Dis
January 2025
Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Background: Extraintestinal symptoms (EIS) in inflammatory bowel diseases, including fatigue, depression and anxiety, are highly prevalent, but poorly understood. Alterations of brain function may contribute to EIS, but their association with disease activity is unclear. This study analyzed intrinsic neural activity (INA) of individuals with Crohn's disease (CD) in different disease states and examined the relationship between INA and EIS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!