In the title compound, C(12)H(13)N(3)O(2), the dihedral angle between the oxazolone ring and the benzimidazole unit is 45.0 (5)°, exhibiting a staggered conformation at the Cα-Cβ bond. In the crystal, a strong N-H⋯N hydrogen bond links the mol-ecules into a C(4) chain along the c axis while a C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-action generates a C(5) chain along the a axis, i.e. perpendicular to the other chain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811012256 | DOI Listing |
Nutrients
January 2025
Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy.
Background: Migraine, a prevalent neurovascular disorder, affects millions globally and is associated with significant morbidity. Emerging evidence suggests a crucial role of the gut microbiota and adipose tissue in the modulation of migraine pathophysiology, particularly through mechanisms involving neuroinflammation and metabolic regulation.
Material And Methods: A narrative review of the literature from 2000 to 2024 was conducted using the PubMed database.
Microorganisms
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects millions of people worldwide and can lead to deleterious physical and social consequences. Recent research has highlighted not only the effect of alcohol on the gut microbiome, but also the role of the gut microbiome and the gut-brain axis in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder. This review provides an overview of the reciprocal relationship between alcohol consumption and the gut microbiome, including the effects of alcohol on gut microbial composition, changes in gut microbial metabolites in response to alcohol consumption, and how gut microbial metabolites may modulate alcohol use behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
December 2024
Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
It is known that probiotics have direct and indirect effects on many systems in the body, especially the gastrointestinal system. Interest in using probiotic strain-derived cell components and metabolites has also increased as a result of the significant benefits of probiotics. Although many terminologies and definitions are used for these components and metabolites, the International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) recommended the use of the term postbiotic in 2021, which is defined as "a preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
January 2025
School of Veterinary Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
The gut and the gut microbiome communicate with the nervous system through the gut-brain axis via neuroimmune and neuroendocrine mechanisms. Despite existing research, studies exploring this link in aging dogs are limited. This study aims to examine multiple blood and fecal biomarkers of intestinal health, along with various behavioral indicators based on saliva, blood, observations, and activity, in different age populations (junior: <2 y.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Metabolic peptides can influence metabolic processes and contribute to both inflammatory and/or anti-inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that there are thousands of metabolic peptides, made up of short chains of amino acids, that the human body produces. These peptides are crucial for regulating many different processes like metabolism and cell signaling, as they bind to receptors on various cells.
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