AI Article Synopsis
- [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations influence transcription in a frequency-dependent manner, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear.
- A change in the frequency of these oscillations affects both the duration of [Ca(2+)](i) spikes and the overall elevation of [Ca(2+)](i).
- Experiments show that the cumulated duration of [Ca(2+)](i) spikes impacts NFκB transcriptional activity and gene expression, highlighting the importance of spike duration regardless of frequency changes.
Article Abstract
[Ca(2+)](i) oscillations drive downstream events, like transcription, in a frequency-dependent manner. Why [Ca(2+)](i) oscillation frequency regulates transcription has not been clearly revealed. A variation in [Ca(2+)](i) oscillation frequency apparently leads to a variation in the time duration of cumulated [Ca(2+)](i) elevations or cumulated [Ca(2+)](i) spike duration. By manipulating [Ca(2+)](i) spike duration, we generated a series of [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations with the same frequency but different cumulated [Ca(2+)](i) spike durations, as well as [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations with the different frequencies but the same cumulated [Ca(2+)](i) spike duration. Molecular assays demonstrated that, when generated in 'artificial' models alone, under physiologically simulated conditions or repetitive pulses of agonist exposure, [Ca(2+)](i) oscillation regulates NFκB transcriptional activity, phosphorylation of IκBα and Ca(2+)-dependent gene expression all in a way actually dependent on cumulated [Ca(2+)](i) spike duration whether or not frequency varies. This study underlines that [Ca(2+)](i) oscillation frequency regulates NFκB transcriptional activity through cumulated [Ca(2+)](i) spike-duration-mediated IκBα phosphorylation.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.082727 | DOI Listing |
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