Problem: Cellular and humoral immune responses against male-specific minor histocompatibility (HY) antigens are important in the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host reactions and can be detected in women who have previously given birth to a boy. However, the importance of these responses for pregnancy outcome is unclear.
Method Of Study: Review of the current knowledge about the impact of anti-HY immunity on pregnancy outcome in terms of risk of miscarriage, placental abruption and low birth weight.
Results: Women with secondary recurrent miscarriage (RM) more often have given birth to a boy compared with a girl prior to a series of miscarriages (P<0.0001) and a firstborn boy seems significantly to reduce the chance of a subsequent live in these patients (P=0.0003). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles known to restrict CD4 T-cell-mediated anti-HY responses were investigated among 358 patients with secondary RM and 203 of their children born prior to the miscarriages. The chance of a subsequent live birth in secondary RM patients with firstborn boys compared with firstborn girls was significantly lower in women with HY-restricting HLA class II alleles [OR: 0.17 (0.1-0.4), P=0.0001]. In patients without these alleles, the chance of live birth was similar in those with firstborn boys and girls, respectively. In early pregnancy, both antibodies against HLA and HY antigens were found with increased prevalence in secondary patients with RM and in particular in those with a firstborn boy compared with controls (P=0.005). The presence of these antibodies was associated with a low subsequent live birth rate, and the presence of HY antibodies was associated with a low male/female ratio (12% boys versus 88% girls) in subsequent live births (P=0.03). Register-based population studies suggested that births of boys also are associated with subsequent adverse obstetric outcomes also in the background population.
Conclusion: Findings strongly indicate that aberrant maternal immune reactions against fetal HY antigens playing a role in secondary RM and other pregnancy complications. We propose pathogenetic pathways for these conditions that in our view best explain the findings.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.01038.x | DOI Listing |
J Assist Reprod Genet
January 2025
Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Poor ovarian response (POR) significantly impacts the success of assisted reproductive technology (ART), and growth hormone (GH) has been proposed as an adjuvant treatment to improve outcomes in POR patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of GH in enhancing pregnancy outcomes, registering a protocol on PROSPERO and searching multiple databases up to September 2023. Twelve systematic reviews/meta-analysis and 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1984 patients were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Sex Differ
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's NL, Canada.
As the earliest measure of social communication in rodents, ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in response to maternal separation are critical in preclinical research on neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). While sex differences in both USV production and behavioral outcomes are reported, many studies overlook sex as a biological variable in preclinical NDD models. We aimed to evaluate sex differences in USV call parameters and determine if USVs are differently impacted based on sex in the preclinical maternal immune activation (MIA) model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; Hebei Veterinary Biotenology Innovation Center, Baoding 071001, China. Electronic address:
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used extensively in producing industrial chemicals such as plastic products, resin, and paper coatings. Concerns have been expressed regarding its possible detrimental consequences, especially on the reproductive system of mammals. Despite extensive study in this domain, there has been no targeted examination of the impact of BPA on F1 generation rabbits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDomest Anim Endocrinol
January 2025
Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. Electronic address:
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common condition in swine associated with high piglet mortality and morbidity that develops in early gestation. This review article explores differences in uterine and placental tissues associated with IUGR fetuses compared to their normally-grown littermates at different stages of gestation. Specifically, we will review the available knowledge to date describing differences in 1) structure, 2) cellular apoptosis and proliferation, 3) adhesion, and 4) angiogenesis in endometrial and placental tissues associated with IUGR fetuses across gestation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Biosci (Landmark Ed)
January 2025
Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Siberian State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.
Background: Over the past five years, the pregnancy rate in assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs in Russia has remained relatively stable. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of monocyte and macrophage subsets in the blood and follicular fluid of infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technology.
Methods: The study involved 45 women with a mean age of 35 ± 4.
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