We introduce a method to electrically stimulate individual neurons at single-cell resolution in arbitrary spatiotemporal patterns with precise control over stimulation thresholds. By exploiting a custom microelectronic chip, up to 65,000 non-Faradaic electrodes can be uniquely addressed with electrode density exceeding 6500 electrodes mm(-2). We demonstrate extracellular stimulation of dispersed primary hippocampal neuronal cultures using the chip at single-cell resolution.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/044003 | DOI Listing |
J Am Soc Nephrol
January 2025
Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.
Background: Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are the preferred access for dialysis but have a high incidence of failure. This study aims to understand the crosstalk between skeletal muscle catabolism and AV fistula maturation failure.
Methods: Skeletal muscle metabolism and AV fistula maturation were evaluated in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
mBio
January 2025
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
causes the genital ulcer disease chancroid and cutaneous ulcers in children. To study its pathogenesis, we developed a human challenge model in which we infect the skin on the upper arm of human volunteers with to the pustular stage of disease. The model has been used to define lesional architecture, describe the immune infiltrate into the infected sites using flow cytometry, and explore the molecular basis of the immune response using bulk RNA-seq.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJOR Spine
March 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands.
Background: Cell-free regenerative strategies, such as notochordal cell (NC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), are an attractive alternative in developing new therapies for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. NC-EVs have been reported to elicit matrix anabolic effects on nucleus pulposus cells from degenerated IVDs cultured under basal conditions. However, the degenerative process is exacerbated by pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing to the vicious degenerative cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetabolism
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China. Electronic address:
Aims: Osteoclast energy metabolism is a promising target for treating diseases characterized by high osteoclast activity, such as osteoporosis. However, the regulatory factors involved in osteoclast bioenergetic processes are still in the early stages of being fully understood. This study reveals the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on osteoclast energy metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Comp Immunol
January 2025
Biology Department, University of Colorado - Pueblo, 2200 Bonforte Ave., Pueblo, CO 81001.
We immunized three groups of Mojave desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii): a group immunized twice, a group immunized once, and a group sham-immunized. We used the antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), with Freund's adjuvant to elicit antibody responses similar to those induced by extracellular bacteria. All tortoises have relatively high levels of B1 lymphocytes and natural antibodies (NAbs), and the goal of this study was to quantify B2 lymphocyte activity (antibody production and potential proliferation) that occurs in primary and secondary immunizations against this constitutive, first line of humoral defense.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!