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Mesenchymal stromal cells for cardiovascular disease. | LitMetric

Mesenchymal stromal cells for cardiovascular disease.

J Cardiovasc Dis Res

Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University; School of Medicine, Emory University, Druid Hills, Georgia, USA.

Published: January 2011

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The fields of regenerative medicine and cellular therapy, particularly involving mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), have generated significant excitement due to their potential for treating injuries through tissue repair and regeneration.
  • - While MSCs originally were thought to replace damaged tissues directly, it's now understood that they primarily support healing by moving to injury sites and releasing factors that aid in tissue remodeling and inflammation control.
  • - Despite their promising abilities, MSCs struggle with long-term persistence in the body, necessitating the use of large cell doses, which raises challenges in production and delivery—the review will explore these issues and strategies to improve MSC therapeutic effectiveness.

Article Abstract

The fields of regenerative medicine and cellular therapy have been the subject of tremendous hype and hope. In particular, the perceived usage of somatic cells like mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has captured the imagination of many. MSCs are a rare population of cells found in multiple regions within the body that can be readily expanded ex vivo and utilized clinically. Originally, it was hypothesized that transplantation of MSCs to sites of injury would lead to de novo tissue-specific differentiation and thereby replace damaged tissue. Now, it is generally agreed that MSC home to sites of injury and direct positive remodeling via the secretion of paracrine factors. Consequently, their clinical utilization has largely revolved around their abilities to promote neovascularization for ischemic disorders and modulate overly exuberant inflammatory responses for autoimmune and alloimmune conditions. One of the major issues surrounding the development of somatic cell therapies like MSCs is that despite evoking a positive response, long-term engraftment and persistence of these cells is rare. Consequently, very large cell doses need be administered for raising production, delivery, and efficacy issues. In this review, we will outline the field of MSC in the context of ischemia and discuss causes for their lack of persistence. In addition, some of the methodologies be used to enhance their therapeutic potential will be highlighted.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3120270PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-3583.78581DOI Listing

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