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Radiocarbon and bomb pulse dating in the forensic context: A systematic review.
Forensic Sci Int
January 2025
Forensic Medicine, Forensic Science and Sports Medicine Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, Perugia, Italy. Electronic address:
Radiocarbon analysis in bones, particularly through Bomb Pulse dating, is an essential tool in forensic investigations for estimating the postmortem interval of human remains. However, there are some limitations related to the interpretation of laboratory data, since this can differ from the Post Mortem Interval by many years, depending on the anatomical district and the bone part sampled, as well as the age of the individual and other parameters, since these elements influence bone turnover. In recent years, many studies have been conducted, but with non-standardized data and on limited samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-resolution isotope dietary analysis of Mesolithic and Neolithic humans from Franchthi Cave, Greece.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada.
Franchthi Cave, in the Greek Peloponnese, is a well-known Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic site, with several human burials. In many parts of Europe there is clear evidence from archaeological and isotopic studies for a diet change between the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods. This is especially the case in coastal contexts where there is often a shift from predominantly marine food diets in the Mesolithic to terrestrial (presumably domesticated) foods in the Neolithic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding the spread of agriculture in the Western Mediterranean (6th-3rd millennia BC) with Machine Learning tools.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Division of Natural Sciences, German Archaeological Institute, Berlin, Germany.
The first Neolithic farmers arrived in the Western Mediterranean area from the East. They established settlements in coastal areas and over time migrated to new environments, adapting to changing ecological and climatic conditions. While farming practices and settlements in the Western Mediterranean differ greatly from those known in the Eastern Mediterranean and central Europe, the extent to which these differences are connected to the local environment and climate is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHidden population turnover of small odontocetes in the northwestern North Pacific during the Holocene.
Biol Lett
January 2025
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan.
Despite numerous studies on the rise and fall of terrestrial megafauna in the late Quaternary, knowledge about marine megafauna from this period remains limited. In this study, we performed radiocarbon dating and partial mitochondrial DNA sequencing from the skeletal remains of three species of small odontocetes (Pacific white-sided dolphins, Dall's porpoises and harbour porpoises) excavated from prehistoric archaeological sites around the Japanese shore dating back to 8500-1000 years ago (ya). Pacific white-sided dolphins that habituated the eastern coast of Hokkaido around 2000 ya belonged to different maternal groups than those from over 5000 ya and today.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTracing ancient solar cycles with tree rings and radiocarbon in the first millennium BCE.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern Weg 5 HPK, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
The Sun drives Earth's energy systems, influencing weather, ocean currents, and agricultural productivity. Understanding solar variability is critical, but direct observations are limited to 400 years of sunspot records. To extend this timeline, cosmic ray-produced radionuclides like C in tree-rings provide invaluable insights.
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