Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), which catalyzes the reduction of dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanins, is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, proanthocyanidins, and other flavonoids of importance in plant development and human nutrition. This study isolated a full length cDNA encoding DFR, designated as SmDFR (GenBank Accession No. EF600682), by screening a cDNA library from a red callus line of Saussurea medusa, which is an endangered, traditional Chinese medicinal plant with high pharmacological value. SmDFR was functionally expressed in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to confirm that SmDFR can readily reduce dihydroquercetin (DHQ) and dihydrokampferol (DHK), but it could not reduce dihydromyricetin (DHM). The deduced SmDFR structure shared extensive sequence similarity with previously characterized plant DFRs and phylogenetic analysis showed that it belonged to the plant DFR super-family. SmDFR also possessed flavanone 4-reductase (FNR) activity and can catalyze the conversion of eridictyol to luteoforol. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression level of SmDFR was higher in flowers compared with both leaves and roots. This work greatly enhances our knowledge of flavonoid biosynthesis in S. medusa and marks a major advance that could facilitate future genetic modification of S. medusa.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1061-2 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
College of Forestry and Grassland, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
The color variation of the leaves in autumn is a significant ornamental feature of Bunge, especially when the leaves gradually become redder. Many studies focused on leaf color changes; however, less research has been conducted on the mechanism by which 's autumn leaves turn red. Red, middle and green leaves of were used as the study materials to evaluate their flavonoid-related metabolites and infer gene and metabolite expression patterns in conjunction with transcriptome expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol Biochem
December 2024
Biobank, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
A diet rich in anthocyanins can benefit human health against a broad spectrum of human diseases due to the high antioxidant activities of anthocyanins. Enrichment of anthocyanins in the starchy endosperm of rice is an effective solution to provide nutritional food in human diets. However, previous attempts failed to engineer anthocyanin biosynthesis in the rice endosperm by transgenic expression of rice endogenous genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol Biochem
November 2024
College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 150040, Harbin, China. Electronic address:
Flowers belonging to the Iris genus, with a predominant display of blue hues, showcase a variety of blue polymorphisms across different species. This study focused on analyzing the L∗, a∗, and b∗ color values of Iris typhifolia, I. lactea, I.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol
December 2024
Institute of Grape Science and Engineering, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
Food Res Int
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China. Electronic address:
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