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This study assesses the association between dietary transfatty acid (TFA) intake and the risk of selected cancers. Mailed questionnaires were completed between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces by 1182 incident, histologically confirmed cases of the stomach, 1727 of the colon, 1447 of the rectum, 628 of the pancreas, 3341 of the lung, 2362 of the breast, 442 of the ovary, 1799 of the prostate, 686 of the testis, 1345 of the kidney, 1029 of the bladder, 1009 of the brain, 1666 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, 1069 leukemias, and 5039 population controls. Information on dietary habits and nutrition intake was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire, which provided data on eating habits 2 years before the study. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidenc530e intervals (CI) were derived by unconditional logistic regression to adjust for total energy intake and other potential confounding factors. Dietary TFA were positively associated with the risk of cancers of the colon (OR: 1.38 for the highest vs. the lowest quartile), breast in premenopause (OR: 1.60), and prostate (OR: 1.42). There were a borderline association for pancreas cancer (OR: 1.38; P=0.06). No significant association was observed for cancers of the stomach, rectum, lung, ovary, testis, kidney, bladder, brain, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and leukemia, although the ORs for the highest quartile were above unity for all neoplasms considered, except testis. Our findings add evidence that high TFA is associated with an increased risk of various cancers. Thus, a diet low in transfat may play a role in the prevention of several cancers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CEJ.0b013e328348fbfb | DOI Listing |
Nutrients
February 2025
Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Blvd, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
Dietary lipid intake can influence the gut microbiota (GM) and their metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids, which are key mediators of health. The objective is to examine how dietary lipids' quantity and quality influence the GM and metabolite profiles. A literature review of 33 studies in animals and humans was performed on the effects of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), -fatty acids (TFAs), and sterols on GM composition and gut-derived metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Nutr
February 2025
Gynaecological Cancers Group, Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address:
Background: Prognosis after a diagnosis of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer is poor. Some studies have suggested modifiable behaviors, like diet, are associated with survival but the evidence is inconsistent.
Objectives: This study aims to pool data from studies conducted around the world to evaluate the relationships among dietary indices, foods, and nutrients from food sources and survival after a diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
J Diabetes Metab Disord
December 2024
Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Purpose: Clarified butter, contain harmful saturated and beneficial trans-fatty acids. Canola oil is a promising alternative to other oils for reducing saturated fat intake. This trial aimed to investigate the effects of replacing clarified butter with canola oil in patients with metabolic syndrome on various metabolic syndrome components, fatty liver index (FLI), and insulin resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLOS Glob Public Health
November 2024
Fudan University School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.
Distribution of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases has been changing globally, which may account for the discrepant temporal trends of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. To test the hypothesis and identify potential contributing factors, we designed an ecological study based on the GDB-2019 data and extracted age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of IHD and stroke, and summary exposure values (SEVs) of 87 attributable factors. A declining trend was observed for ASIRs of stroke (globally from 181.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Nutr
January 2025
Cardiovascular Research Unit, University of Abuja, and University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
Background: Intake of trans-fatty acids (TFAs) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In April 2023, Nigeria passed regulations limiting TFA content in foods, fats, and oils, but the current level of TFA exposure in the Nigerian population is unknown.
Objectives: To quantify trans-fatty acid (TFA) biomarkers in dried blood spots from Nigerian adults in the Federal Capital Territory before policy enforcement, establish baseline levels for future evaluations, assess subgroup variations by demographic and socioeconomic factors, and compare TFA levels with data from 30 countries worldwide.
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