Parathyroid hormone-related protein (107-111) (osteostatin) induces osteogenic effects in osteoblasts in vitro and in regenerating bone in mice and rabbits. In this study we used osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell cultures to evaluate and compare the bioactivity of this peptide either adsorbed or covalently bound (by its C-terminus) to Si-doped hydroxyapatite (Si-HA) scaffolds after organic (-NH(2)) functionalization. By these means osteostatin can be locally released or kept anchored to the scaffold surface. This was confirmed by chemical analysis and by testing the efficiency of osteostatin-loaded Si-HA scaffolds (placed in Transwell chambers) in healing a scratch wound in mouse pluripotent mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 cells. Our results show that exposure of MC3T3-E1 cell monolayers to Si-HA scaffolds with both types of osteostatin coating (deliverable or immobilized), in contrast to those without peptide, similarly stimulated cell growth and matrix mineralization. These findings demonstrate that osteostatin release from Si-HA scaffolds is not essential to promote osteoblastic growth and function in vitro, and lend credence to considering osteostatin a bone regenerating factor.
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