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Objective: To improve the accuracy predictive models of response to neoadjuvante chemotherapy in breast cancer, cDNA microarray technology was used to study tumor transcriptional profile. Gene signatures associated with predicting the response to neoadjuvante chemotherapy are the subject of this review.
Methods: The data base http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ search was conducted by using the words "breast cancer" AND "neoadjuvante/primary chemotherapy" AND "gene expression profile/microarray". After excluding the repeats and selecting the publications considered most relevant by the authors to be presented, 279 publications were retrieved.
Results: The number of publications regarding this subject has been increasing over the years, reaching over 50 in 2010, including the response to different chemotherapeutic drugs, such as anthracyclines and taxanes either alone or in combination. The first studies are from early last decade and used microarray platforms produced by the investigators. Recent studies have used commercial microarray platforms whose data have been stored in public databases, allowing for the analysis of a higher number of samples. Several transcriptional profiles associated with the complete pathological response were identified. Other authors used the clinical response to treatment as an endpoint, and, in this case, a predictive panel of resistance to the chemotherapeutic regimen at issue was determined. This is also a key issue, as it can contribute to individualize treatment, allowing patients resistant to a certain chemotherapeutic agent to be offered another therapeutic regimen.
Conclusion: Identifying patients responsive to chemotherapy is of essential interest and despite major steps have been taken, the issue warrants further studies in view of its complexity.
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Laryngorhinootologie
May 2024
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
The neoadjuvant immunotherapy approach marks a significant shift in the treatment paradigm of potentially curable HNSCC. Here, current therapies, despite being highly individualized and advanced, often fall short in achieving satisfactory long-term survival rates and are frequently associated with substantial morbidity.The primary advantage of this approach lies in its potential to intensify and enhance treatment regimens, offering a distinct modality that complements the existing triad of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZ Gastroenterol
September 2024
Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, China.
Carrilizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, has shown therapeutic effectiveness in patients with late-stage or metastatic solid tumors exhibiting DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H). dMMR/MSI-H cancer patients are known to be responsive to PD-1 inhibitors. However, the use of carrilizumab for preoperative immunotherapy in early, unresectable MSI-H/dMMR primary colon cancer lesions is relatively underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZentralbl Chir
February 2024
Mannheim Cancer Center, Universität Heidelberg, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Deutschland.
Treatment strategies for locally advanced rectal cancer are changing significantly. The treatment recommended in German guidelines for locally advanced tumors of neoadjuvant radio(chemo)therapy (RChT), followed by surgery and, if necessary, adjuvant therapy, are increasingly be abandoned in favor of the following concepts: (i) prolonged neoadjuvant therapy (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Radiother
December 2023
Fédération universitaire d'oncologie radiothérapie, ICM, institut régional du cancer Montpellier, rue Croix-Verte, 34298 Montpellier cedex 05, France. Electronic address:
Purpose: Conserving surgery combined with radiotherapy in presence of local recurrence risk factors is standard treatment of soft tissue sarcomas, a group of rare and heterogeneous tumours. Radiotherapy is performed before or after surgery. In neoadjuvant setting, late radiation-induced toxicity is reduced and pathological response to radiotherapy could be achieved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull Cancer
June 2023
Georges-François-Leclerc Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, 21079 Dijon cedex, France; University of Burgundy, 7, boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France.
Purpose: To retrospectively assess the rate of pathologic complete response in the axilla according to breast cancer biologic subtypes, and to study the impact of nodal response on survival.
Methods: Inclusion criteria were all T-stage breast cancers with initial lymph node involvement, non-metastatic, treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery with axillary lymph node dissection, managed at the George-François Leclerc Cancer Center in Dijon, France, between 2000 and 2018.
Results: Among 437 patients included, the rate of complete nodal response rate varied according to tumor subtypes: 69.
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