[Effect of 5-fluorouracil aerosol on the growth of human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 in vitro].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of simulated intraperitoneal 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) aerosol chemotherapy (AIPC) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 in vitro.

Methods: The gastric cancer cells MKN-45 were treated with 5-Fu aerosol for 30 min under the pressure of 8 mmHg, and those treated with normal saline (NS) aerosol served as the control. The cell proliferation after the treatment was detected by MTT assay, and flow cytometry and FITC Annexin V/PI kit were used to detect the cell apoptosis and changes in the cell cycle.

Results: MTT assay showed a significantly greater inhibition rate of the cell proliferation in 5-Fu aerosol group than in NS group [(31.13∓3.51)% vs (4.65∓1.99)%, P<0.001]. FCM analysis also showed a significantly higher cell apoptotic rate in 5-Fu aerosol group than in NS group [(12.00∓0.92)% vs (2.65∓0.52)%, P<0.001]. Compared with saline treatment, treatment with 5-Fu aerosol resulted in a greater proportion of G1 phase cells [(51.83∓1.95)% vs (36.41∓2.33)%, P<0.001] with a lowered proportion of S phase cells [(16.72∓2.36)% vs (45.20∓3.27)%, P<0.001].

Conclusion: Simulated 5-Fu AIPC can inhibit the proliferation, induce cell apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in gastric cancer cells.