AI Article Synopsis
- - Nanostructured materials are being developed due to improved fabrication techniques and their unique properties, which closely resemble the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) found in the body.
- - These materials create artificial environments that can influence the behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), particularly in guiding their differentiation into bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) without needing soluble factors.
- - Incorporating components like collagen and hydroxyapatite into these nanostructures enhances their effectiveness in mimicking native bone, making them promising candidates for scaffolds used in bone regeneration therapies.
Article Abstract
Nanostructured materials are gaining new impetus owing to the advancements in material fabrication techniques and their unique properties (their nanosize, high surface area-to-volume ratio, and high porosity). Such nanostructured materials mimic the subtleties of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, creating artifi cial microenvironments which resemble the native niches in the body. On the other hand, the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from various tissue sources has resulted in the interest to study the multiple differentiation lineages for various therapeutic treatments. In this review, our focus is tailored towards the potential of biomimetic nanostructured materials as osteoinductive scaffolds for bone regeneration to differentiate MSCs towards osteoblastic cell types without the presence of soluble factors. In addition to mimicking the nanostructure of native bone, the supplement of collagen and hydroxyapatite which mimic the main components of the ECM also brings signifi cant advantages to these materials.
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