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Perinatal undernutrition affects the methylation and expression of the leptin gene in adults: implication for the understanding of metabolic syndrome. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Transient environmental factors, like poor nutrition during pregnancy and lactation, can cause lasting metabolic issues in individuals, potentially through epigenetic changes.* -
  • Research on mice shows that those born to mothers on a low-protein diet have lower body weight but higher food intake, with these effects persisting throughout their lives.* -
  • The study found that maternal undernutrition led to permanent changes in DNA methylation of the leptin gene, altering its expression and the overall balance between food intake and energy use in adulthood.*

Article Abstract

Transient environmental influences, such as perinatal nutritional stress, may induce deleterious metabolic symptoms that last for the entire life of individuals, implying that epigenetic modifications play an important role in this process. We have investigated, in mice, the consequences of maternal undernutrition during gestation and lactation on DNA methylation and expression of the leptin gene, which plays a major regulatory role in coordinating nutritional state with many aspects of mammalian biology. We show that animals born to mothers fed a low-protein-diet (F1-LPD group) have a lower body weight/adiposity and exhibit a higher food intake than animals born to mothers fed a control diet (F1-CD group). These modifications persisted throughout life and were associated with lower levels of leptin mRNA and protein in starved F1-LPD mice, emphasizing that maternal protein-undernutrition affects the balance between food intake and energy expenditure in adults. Moreover, this nutritional stress resulted in the removal of methyls at CpGs located in the promoter of leptin, causing a permanent specific modification in the dynamics of the expression of leptin, which exhibits a stronger induction in the F1-LPD than in F1-CD mice in response to a meal. This study is an example of a molecular rationale linking transient environmental influences to permanent phenotypic consequences.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.11-181792DOI Listing

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