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Patterns of molecular and morphological differentiation in Fagus (Fagaceae): phylogenetic implications. | LitMetric

Patterns of molecular and morphological differentiation in Fagus (Fagaceae): phylogenetic implications.

Am J Bot

Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Paleobotany, Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden;

Published: June 2005

AI Article Synopsis

  • Researchers studied the phylogenetic relationships of Fagus species using nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS1 and ITS2) and morphological data, revealing that Eurasian species are more basal than North American F. grandifolia.
  • The subgenus Fagus is identified as a paraphyletic group, with East Asian species classified in the subgenus Engleriana.
  • The high DNA variability complicates phylogenetic resolution but morphological analyses clarify relationships, suggesting East Asian F. hayatae is the most basal species, influenced by evolutionary dynamics and ecological factors.

Article Abstract

To study phylogenetic relationships among species of Fagus, the internal transcribed spacer regions ITS1 and ITS2 of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and morphological data were analyzed. Both molecular and morphologically based phylogenies suggest that Eurasian species of Fagus subgenus Fagus are basal to the North American Fagus grandifolia. The subgenus Fagus is a paraphyletic group basal to three East Asian species forming the subgenus Engleriana. Due to a considerably large amount of DNA polymorphism, relationships among basal species of Fagus could not be entirely resolved when analyzing ITS sequences with standard methods. Morphological trees helped to resolve more clearly relationships within the subgenus Fagus. The East Asian F. hayatae is suggested to be basal to the rest of the genus. This hypothesis is further supported by distinctive patterns of nucleotide variability found for ITS regions, allowing for basic and derived types to be distinguished. The high degree of ITS polymorphism within Fagus can be explained by (1) the complex evolutionary behavior of this marker, (2) the stenoecious ecological characteristic of Fagus with respect to its continuous geographic range throughout much of the Cenozoic, and (3) the absence of major radiations into further habitats as occurred in other Fagaceae.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.6.1006DOI Listing

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