A combination of local flow measurement techniques and fog flow visualization was used to determine the inward leakage for two tight-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs), the 3M Breathe-Easy PAPR and the SE 400 breathing demand PAPR. The PAPRs were mounted on a breathing machine head form, and flows were measured from the blower and into the breathing machine. Both respirators leaked a little at the beginning of inhalation, probably through their exhalation valves. In both cases, the leakage was not enough for fog to appear at the mouth of the head form.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/473143 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol
March 2023
Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Urogynaecology, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK. Electronic address:
Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence in Team England female athletes participating in the 2018 Commonwealth Games, the self-imposed lifestyle modifications used to manage symptoms in training and competition and the impact on performance.
Study Design: This was a Cross-Sectional Survey. All Team England female athletes participating in 2018 Commonwealth Games were asked to complete a structured questionnaire regarding symptoms and management of urinary incontinence.
J Occup Environ Hyg
July 2021
NIOSH/NPPTL, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Recently, total inward leakage (TIL) for filtering facepiece and elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHRs) was measured according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) test method standard 16900-1:2014 that showed larger TIL for corn oil aerosol than for NaCl aerosol. Comparison of TIL measured for different aerosols for higher protection level respirators is lacking. The objective of this study was to determine TIL for EHRs, full-facepiece respirators, and loose-fitting and tight-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) using NaCl and corn oil aerosols to compare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Work Expo Health
May 2021
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, JJN3, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Objectives: N95 filtering facepiece respirators (N95 FFRs) and surgical masks are comprised of multiple layers of nonwoven polypropylene. Tight-fitting N95 FFRs are respiratory protective devices (RPDs) designed to efficiently filter aerosols. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health care workers (HCWs) throughout the world continue to face shortages of disposable N95 FFRs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Inst Mech Eng H
January 2021
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is commonly prescribed for longstanding, acute cases of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) during which patients must wear a tight-fitting breathing mask overnight for the duration of the treatment. Because this condition frequently leads to the permanent use of CPAP masks, interface selection is a crucial factor influencing the treatment quality and effectiveness. Masks/interface selection is normally performed on a trial an error basis with clinicians informing their selection based on OSA-related factors with basic fitting feedback from patients.
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