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Polyphenols or phenolic compounds are groups of secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants and found in olive mill wastewater (OMW). Phenolic compounds as well as OMW extracts were evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae). Most of the tested phenols were not effective against the four bacterial strains when tested as single compounds at concentrations of up to 1000 μg mL(-1). Hydroxytyrosol at 400 μg mL(-1) caused complete growth inhibition of the four strains. Gallic acid was effective at 200, and 400 μg mL(-1) against S. aureus, and S. pyogenes, respectively, but not against the gram negative bacteria. An OMW fraction called AntiSolvent was obtained after the addition of ethanol to the crude OMW. HPLC analysis of AntiSolvent fraction revealed that this fraction contains mainly hydroxytyrosol (10.3%), verbascoside (7.4%), and tyrosol (2.6%). The combinations of AntiSolvent/gallic acid were tested using the low minimal inhibitory concentrations which revealed that 50/100-100/100 μg mL(-1) caused complete growth inhibition of the four strains. These results suggest that OMW specific fractions augmented with natural phenolic ingredients may be utilized as a source of bioactive compounds to control pathogenic bacteria.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3106970 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/431021 | DOI Listing |
Environ Monit Assess
December 2024
Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey.
The improper disposal of olive mill wastewater (OMW) presents a significant environmental challenge for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the Gaza Strip. This study aims to evaluate the impact of OMW discharge on the operational efficiency of WWTPs, particularly during the olive harvesting season. To achieve this, samples were collected from both olive mills and WWTPs across the region and analyzed for key parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), phenols, oil and grease, and total suspended solids (TSS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
December 2024
Department of Civil, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Italy; National Research Centre for Agricultural Technologies (CN AgriTech), Naples, Italy.
Olive mill wastewaters (OMWW) are characterized by a large concentration of pollutants, among which polyphenols represent a large part. This study investigated the effect of different dilutions of a culture medium enriched with olive-derived phenolic compounds on Chlorella vulgaris growth and its ability to degrade each one of them. In particular, polyphenols were precisely identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD analysis, showing high removal efficiency by C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Anat
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy.
Visfatin is an adipokine with mediatory effects on inflammation. It is expressed at low levels in the pig stomach, but its role in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is not well understood. This study explored visfatin expression and localisation in the stomach and duodenum of piglets fed varying levels of polyphenols derived from olive mill waste extract, known for their antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
November 2024
Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Nutrition, Medical Sciences Campus, Damascus Road, P.O.B. 11-5076, Riad Solh Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
Olive mill wastewater (OMWW), a pollutant resulting from the olive oil industry, poses a serious ecological challenge due to its high pollution load. This effluent is highly concentrated in chemical oxygen demand (COD), which is 200 times higher than that of sewage wastewater. Moreover, OMWW is characterized by a strong acidity, high content of fatty matter, and high concentration of phenolic compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm X
December 2024
Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is a byproduct of olive oil extraction that represents a critical environmental concern due to its potential adverse effects on ecosystems. Given these premises, spray-dried microparticles were designed and developed using maltodextrins as carriers to encapsulate OMWW bioactive compounds. The microparticles were manufactured using an easily scalable and sustainable spray-drying process.
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