The present study examined whether and in what ways psychopathy is associated with abnormal moral intuitions among criminal offenders. Using Haidt et al.'s Moral Foundations Questionnaire, 222 adult male offenders assessed for clinical psychopathy reported their degree of support for five moral domains: Harm Prevention, Fairness, Respect for Authority, Ingroup Loyalty, and Purity/Sanctity. As predicted, psychopathy total score explained a substantial proportion of the variance in reduced support for Harm Prevention and Fairness, but not the other domains. These results confirm that psychopathy entails a discrete set of moral abnormalities and suggest that these abnormalities could potentially help to explain the characteristic antisocial behavior of individuals with psychopathy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2011.02.005 | DOI Listing |
Adv Neonatal Care
January 2025
Author Affiliations: Nursing Care Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran(Professor Nobahar); Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran(Professor Nobahar); Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran (Professor Ghorbani); Social Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran(Professor Ghorbani); and Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran(Mss Alipour, and Jahan).
Background: In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), nurses care for premature and critically ill neonates, interact with parents, and make clinical decisions regarding the treatment of neonates in life-threatening conditions. The challenges of managing unstable conditions and resuscitation decisions can cause moral distress in nurses.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between clinical decision-making and moral distress in NICU nurses.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci
December 2024
OP Jindal Global University, Sonipat, India.
What does the brain mean in a legal domain, and how does integrating neuroscience and law go beyond the practical difficulties highlighted by social scientists and legal theorists? The debate about the confluence of neuroscience and law is both promising and uncertain. Legal theorists took it as a conceptual error, and neuroscience advocates find it a promising emerging field. The social psychological approach towards law is for critical integration of both.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Eng Ethics
December 2024
Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Japan.
The moral status of human brain organoids (HBOs) has been debated in view of the future possibility that they may acquire phenomenal consciousness. This study empirically investigates the moral sensitivity in people's intuitive judgments about actions toward conscious HBOs. The results showed that the presence/absence of pain experience in HBOs affected the judgment about the moral permissibility of actions such as creating and destroying the HBOs; however, the presence/absence of visual experience in HBOs also affected the judgment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatr Psychol Law
January 2024
Department of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia.
This experiment explored the influence of facial attractiveness and trustworthiness on guilty judgments. We recruited 128 participants, randomly assigned to high and low time pressure conditions to act as judges in a simulated case. Participants judged nine male faces from the Chicago Face Database with three attractiveness levels (unattractive, neutral and attractive), featuring a 2 × 3 mixed factorial design, with consistent standardized average levels of face trustworthiness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Environ Ethics
December 2024
Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Changing relationships with nonhuman animals have led to important modifications in animal welfare legislations, including the protection of animal life. However, animal research regulations are largely based on welfarist assumptions, neglecting the idea that death can constitute a harm to animals. In this article, four different cases of killing animals in research contexts are identified and discussed against the background of philosophical, societal, and scientific-practical discourses: 1.
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