A single oral dose of bovine rotavirus vaccine RIT 4237 or placebo was given to 2 groups of 5-day-old infants, born in October 1984 (n = 244) and June 1985 (n = 245), who remained in follow-up for 2.8 and 2.0 years, respectively. The vaccine had no effect on the total number of detectable episodes of rotavirus diarrhoea: there were 22 cases in the vaccinees and 24 in the placebo recipients in the October group and 18 and 16 respectively in the June group. However, vaccination decreased significantly the clinical severity of rotavirus diarrhoea, as assessed by a numerical score 0-20; this vaccine effect was much greater in the infants born in October. The mean severity scores for vaccine and placebo recipients were 4.55 and 10.75 respectively in the October group (p less than 0.0001, t-test) and 8.2 and 11.6 respectively in the June group (p = 0.010, t-test). Vaccine-induced clinical protection against rotavirus diarrhoea did not correlate well with serological response after vaccination, but showed good correlation to the presence of rotavirus antibodies before the rotavirus epidemic season. It is concluded that bovine rotavirus vaccine is more efficacious when given immediately before the rotavirus epidemic season: the vaccine effect may be amplified by exposure to wild rotaviruses during the season.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365549009027047 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Impact of storage temperature and ultraviolet irradiation on rotavirus survival on food matrices.
Food Res Int
January 2025
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
This study investigated the survival of human rotavirus (HRV) on fresh beef, chicken, and lettuce stored at various temperatures, as well as the effect of UV-C exposure on HRV viability on these food surfaces. At 20 °C, the survival rate of three HRV strains (WA, 89-12C2, and DS-1) on beef, chicken, and lettuce decreased within 3 days, with the most significant reduction observed on beef. When stored at 4 °C, a significant reduction in HRV viability was observed by day 7, with the greatest decrease observed on beef, followed by chicken and lettuce.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic analysis of DS-1-like human rotavirus A strains uncovers genetic relatedness of NSP4 gene with animal strains in Manhiça District, Southern Mozambique.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.
Post rotavirus vaccine introduction in Mozambique (September 2015), we documented a decline in rotavirus-associated diarrhoea and genotypes changes in our diarrhoeal surveillance spanning 2008-2021. This study aimed to perform whole-genome sequencing of rotavirus strains from 2009 to 2012 (pre-vaccine) and 2017-2018 (post-vaccine). Rotavirus strains previously detected by conventional PCR as G2P[4], G2P[6], G3P[4], G8P[4], G8P[6], and G9P[6] from children with moderate-to-severe and less-severe diarrhoea and without diarrhoea (healthy community controls) were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq platform and analysed using bioinformatics tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Insights into Acute Gastroenteritis in Cattle Caused by Bovine Rotavirus A and Bovine Coronavirus.
Vet Sci
December 2024
Department of Virology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in cattle significantly impacts the economy due to relatively high morbidity and mortality and decreased production. Its multifactorial nature drives its global persistence, involving enteric viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and environmental factors. Bovine (BoRVA) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) are among the most important enteric RNA viruses causing AGE in cattle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal Transmission of Rotavirus to Calves and Comparison of Colostrum and Fecal Microbiota in Holstein and Hanwoo Cattle.
Vet Sci
November 2024
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
This study aimed to evaluate rotavirus transmission to calves and analyze microbial communities in cow milk and neonatal calf feces within dairy and beef cattle. A total of 20 cattle, Hanwoo ( = 10), and Holstein ( = 10) were allotted for the study, with each breed comprising five cows and five calves. Colostrum samples were obtained from the dam, while feces were obtained from both the dam and calf.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevalence, genotype diversity, and zoonotic potential of bovine rotavirus A in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study.
Virus Res
December 2024
Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Rotavirus A (RVA) is a leading cause of gastroenteritis in calves and has the potential to spread to humans, making it a public health concern.
- A study in Amhara, Ethiopia, involved 266 calves to assess the prevalence and genetic variety of RVA, finding a 15.4% infection rate with various G and P genotypes.
- The research highlights the need for ongoing monitoring of RVA in calves due to its significant presence and possible zoonotic transmission risks.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!