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A splice donor in influences keratinocyte immortalization by beta-HPV49.
J Virol
January 2025
Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) from the genus beta have been implicated in the development of cutaneous squamous cell cancer in and organ transplant patients. In contrast to alpha-high-risk HPV, which cause ano-genital and oropharyngeal cancers, beta-HPV replication is not well understood. The beta-HPV49 transcriptome was analyzed by RNA sequencing using stable keratinocyte cell lines maintaining high levels of extrachromosomally replicating E8- genomes, which can be established due to a lack of the viral E8^E2 repressor protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlmost all cervical cancers are caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs). In most cases, HPV DNA is integrated into the human genome. We found that tumor-specific, HPV-human DNA junctions are detectable in serum cell-free DNA of a fraction of cervical cancer patients at the time of initial treatment and/or at six months following treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the therapeutic potential of acorn extract in papillomavirus-induced lesions.
Vet World
November 2024
Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Background And Aim: Papillomaviruses (PVs) infections have been documented in numerous animal species across different regions worldwide. They often exert significant impacts on animal health and livestock production. Scientists have studied natural products for over half a century due to their diverse chemical composition, acknowledging their value in fighting cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe functions of papillomavirus E2 proteins.
Virology
December 2024
Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
All papillomaviruses encode an E2 protein and it is essential for the viral life cycle. E2 has three domains; a carboxyl-terminal DNA binding and dimerization domain, an amino-terminal protein interaction domain and a hinge region linking these two. Following homo-dimerization human papillomavirus E2 binds to four 12bp palindromic DNA sequences located in the non-coding long control region (LCR) of the viral genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerpesviruses mimic zygotic genome activation to promote viral replication.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Institute of Virology, University Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwig-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is crucial for maternal to zygotic transition at the 2-8-cell stage in order to overcome silencing of genes and enable transcription from the zygotic genome. In humans, ZGA is induced by DUX4, a pioneer factor that drives expression of downstream germline-specific genes and retroelements. Here we show that herpesviruses from all subfamilies, papillomaviruses and Merkel cell polyomavirus actively induce DUX4 expression to promote viral transcription and replication.
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