Thyroid hormones (TH) regulate key cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in virtually all human cells. Disturbances in TH pathway and the resulting deregulation of these processes have been linked with neoplasia. The concentrations of TH in peripheral tissues are regulated via the activity of iodothyronine deiodinases. There are 3 types of these enzymes: type 1 and type 2 deiodinases are involved in TH activation while type 3 deiodinase inactivates TH. Expression and activity of iodothyronine deiodinases are disturbed in different types of neoplasia. According to the limited number of studies in cancer cell lines and mouse models changes in intratumoral and extratumoral T3 concentrations may influence proliferation rate and metastatic progression. Recent findings showing that increased expression of type 3 deiodinases may lead to enhanced tumoral proliferation support the idea that deiodinating enzymes have the potential to influence cancer progression. This review summarizes the observations of impaired expression and activity in different cancer types, published to date, and the mechanisms behind these alterations, including impaired regulation via TH receptors, transforming growth factor-β, and Sonic-hedgehog pathway. Possible roles of deiodinases as cancer markers and potential modulators of tumor progression are also discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3275/7754 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Divergent Photoperiodic Responses in Hypothalamic Expression and Gonadal Activity Between Offspring and Paternal Brandt's Voles.
Animals (Basel)
February 2025
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
The postnatal development of gonadal glands in seasonal breeders, particularly small rodent species, is influenced by photoperiodic patterns. However, little research has been conducted on the effects of pattern similarity and age differentiation especially in molecular features. This study compares the postnatal development of gonadal glands and the expression of hypothalamic genes related to reproductive regulation in male offspring of Brandt's voles () born under three types of changing photoperiodic patterns: increasing long photoperiod (ILP, 12 h + 3 min/day), natural increasing long photoperiods (NLPs), and decreasing short photoperiods (DSPs, 12 h - 3 min/day), as well as in their paternal voles exposed to these patterns at the same period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations and placental DNA methylation of thyroid hormone-related genes.
J Hazard Mater
February 2025
Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China. Electronic address:
Studies suggested that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may have adverse effects on fetus by altering placental DNA methylation. In the study, we explored associations of maternal PFAS concentrations with placental DNA methylation of thyroid hormone (TH)-related genes and the potential mediating role of DNA methylation levels in PFAS-fetal TH associations. We measured PFAS concentrations in maternal plasma in early pregnancy and levels of total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in cord plasma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpression of genes involved in thyroid hormone action in human induced pluripotent stem cells during differentiation to insulin-producing cells: Effects of iopanoic acid on differentiation.
Mol Cell Endocrinol
April 2025
Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 5731010, Japan. Electronic address:
Aims: Type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio3) converts triiodothyronine (T3) to diiodothyronine, thereby reducing intracellular T3 levels. In this study, we investigated the potential roles of Dio3 in the differentiation of human pancreatic β cells, using β cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).
Main Methods: hiPSCs were differentiated to β cells in a stepwise manner over 29 days.
Variable transduction of thyroid hormone signaling in structures of the mouse brain.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Cell Metabolism, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest 1083, Hungary.
L-thyroxine (L-T4) monotherapy is the standard treatment for hypothyroidism, administered daily to normalize TSH levels. Once absorbed, T4 is converted to T3 to alleviate most symptoms. However, this treatment abnormally elevates plasma T4 levels in over 50% of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary nanoselenium (nanoSe) and sodium selenite (SS) on the concentrations of selenoamino acids, the activities of selenoenzymes, and the mRNA expressions of selenoproteins in the milk of peripartal dairy cows.
Methods: Three diets included a control (basal diet) with background selenium at 0.06 mg/kg and treatments with either SS or nanoSe added at the same selenium concentration of 1.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!