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Role of vascularised fibula graft in the surgical management of radiation-induced midshaft femoral fractures. Case report and literature review.
World J Surg Oncol
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sarcoma Unit, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
Background: Post-radiation fractures (PRF) are a recognised complication of radiation treatment for soft tissue sarcomas. They have a low incidence and typically occur up to 5 years following treatment, more commonly affecting the pelvis, ribs and femur. Due to radiation-induced changes in bone, PRFs typically require more complicated intervention compared to post-trauma fractures, however, limited literature exists, particularly in regards to mid-shaft femoral PRFs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMatrix-free human lung organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells to model lung injury.
Stem Cell Res Ther
December 2024
Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Background: Organoids, as near-physiological 3D culture systems, offer new opportunities to study the pathogenesis of various organs in mimicking the cellular complexity and functionality of human organs.
Method: Here we used a quite simple and very practicable method to successfully generate induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human lung organoids (LuOrg) in a matrix-free manner as an alternative to the widely used preclinical mouse models in order to investigate normal lung damage in detail and as close as possible to the patient. We performed detailed morphological and molecular analyses, including bulk and single cell RNA sequencing, of generated lung organoids and evaluated the quality and robustness of our model as a potential in vitro platform for lung diseases, namely radiation-induced lung injury.
Analysis of safety and efficacy of proton radiotherapy for optic nerve sheath meningioma.
Neurooncol Adv
September 2024
Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSMs) are benign tumors that can cause gradual vision loss, and radiation therapy, particularly proton therapy, is key for treatment as it may improve visual function while minimizing side effects.* -
- In a study of 32 patients treated with proton beam radiotherapy, results showed a 100% local control rate after 5 years and 84.4% of patients experienced improved or stable vision, despite a 9.4% occurrence of radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION).* -
- The findings support proton beam therapy as a safe and effective option for ONSM treatment, though further research is needed to compare its effectiveness against traditional photon radiotherapy.*
Fractionated irradiation promotes radioresistance and decreases oxidative stress by increasing Nrf2 of ALDH-positive nasopharyngeal cancer stem cells.
Ann Med Surg (Lond)
October 2024
Department of Radiotherapy of the Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi.
Radiotherapy is widely regarded as the primary therapeutic modality for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Studies have shown that cancer cells with high resistance to radiation, known as radioresistant cancer cells, may cause residual illness, which in turn might contribute to the occurrence of cancer recurrence and metastasis. It has been shown that cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) exhibit resistance to radiation therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDietary Counseling Interventions During Radiation Therapy: A Systematic Review of Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy.
Nutr Cancer
November 2024
Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Radiotherapy is a common cancer treatment, and concurrent nutritional interventions can maintain nutritional status and improve clinical and supportive care outcomes. However, optimal nutritional interventions during radiotherapy are not firmly established. Herein, we assessed the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of dietary counseling interventions without oral nutrition supplements on health outcomes in adults receiving radiotherapy for cancer in a systematic review.
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