AI Article Synopsis
- The Ross aortic valve replacement (AVR) shows promising long-term results with a 94% survival rate at 15 years and a low early mortality rate of 0.9%.
- Among 230 patients studied, reoperation rates were relatively low, indicating that being treated for aortic regurgitation didn't significantly increase the risk for later complications compared to aortic stenosis.
- The procedure is deemed effective for adults, especially when considering the reduced risk of long-term blood-thinning therapy associated with mechanical valves.
Article Abstract
Background: The Ross aortic valve replacement (AVR) offers excellent hemodynamic and clinical outcomes in most patients undergoing aortic root replacement. Because of ongoing debate regarding the durability of this procedure, long-term follow-up in a large adult Ross experience might be of interest.
Methods: Between 1994 and 2010, 230 adult patients underwent modified Ross root procedures. Mean age was 42.4±12.1 years (range, 20 to 68 years), 62% were male. Fifty-six patients (24%) had undergone one or more prior aortic valve interventions. Concomitant procedures were performed in 126 patients (55%), including 90 ascending aortic procedures. Presenting pathology was aortic insufficiency in 114 (50%) and aortic stenosis in 116 (50%).
Results: Hospital mortality or within 30 days was 2 of 230 patients (0.9%). During follow-up (mean, 7.8 years), 12 more patients died. At 15 years, survival was 94%, and freedom from autograft and allograft reoperation was 91% and 98%, respectively. Reoperation was required for 23 patients. Eighteen patients required reoperation on the autograft root; 11 of 18 (61%) had preoperative aortic insufficiency as their predominate aortic valve lesion. Freedom from autograft reoperation was not significantly different for patients with preoperative aortic insufficiency (87%) compared with patients who had aortic stenosis (94%; p=0.15). On multivariable analysis, no risk factors were significant for reoperation except for surgery before 2000 (p<0.0001) and previous AVR (p=0.05).
Conclusions: Preoperative aortic regurgitation was not a significant risk factor for late autograft reoperation in adults. The Ross AVR provides excellent hemodynamics and survival for adults willing to accept a small risk of reoperation as opposed to a life-long risk of thromboemboli and anticoagulation therapy as exist with mechanical aortic prostheses. Reoperation risk for Ross AVR has decreased with Ross annulus sinotubular junction reinforcement replacement of a dilated ascending aorta and postoperative hypertension management.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.012 | DOI Listing |
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