A cohort of children from Gaza was observed from birth to the age of one year. Blood specimens were collected at birth, before and after poliovirus vaccination and at one year of age. Poliovirus immunity before and after vaccination was assessed by ELISA and virus neutralization (NT). Positive predictive values for ELISA were between 81.5% and 90.8%. However, ELISA revealed a high frequency of false negatives, and unacceptably low negative predictive values between 28.6% and 55.4%. The history of poliovirus immunity in the cohort was further investigated by NT. A high level of seropositivity to poliovirus type 1 (PV-1) was found. In cord blood, 83.3% had a NT titre greater than or equal to 4 and 99.0% had a titre greater than or equal to 2. Similarly, by one year of age, 85.7% had a titre greater than or equal to 4 and 90.5% had a titre greater than or equal to 2. Seropositivity to PV-2 and PV-3 were slightly lower, ie 80.8% of children had a PV-2 titre greater than or equal to 4 and 75.4% had a PV-3 titre greater than or equal to 4. As for other developing areas, poliomyelitis eradication in Gaza will come about when universal vaccination fills all 'immunity gaps' and improved sanitation and housing reduces the endemicity of wild polioviruses.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/19.1.164 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Effects of injectable trace minerals (Se, Zn, Cu, and Mn) administration on the immune response elicited by primary intranasal modified-live virus vaccination in dairy calves.
Vet Res Commun
January 2025
Brooksco Dairy, L.L.C. Quitman, Quitman, 31643-9403, GA, USA.
The objective was to determine the effects of injectable trace minerals (ITM, containing Se, Cu, Zn & Mn) administered at the time of primary intranasal (IN) modified-live virus (MLV) vaccination of young dairy calves on the serum neutralizing antibody (SNA) titers to Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV1), Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and Bovine Parainfluenza type 3 virus (BPIV); cytokine expression in peripheral white blood cells, and BHV1-specific IgA titers in nasal secretions following the vaccination. A total of 60 calves (1 month old) were administered an IN MLV vaccine containing BHV1, BRSV, BPIV (Inforce 3) and randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups: ITM (n = 30; Multimin90, containing Se, Cu, Zn, and Mn) or SAL (n = 30; sterile saline). There was a consistent decay in virus-specific SNA titers in both groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity of yellow fever vaccine co-administered with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in rural Gambia: A cluster-randomised trial.
Vaccine
January 2025
Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, the Gambia; Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia.
Introduction: Because booster doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) may be given at a similar time to yellow fever vaccine (YF), it is important to assess the immune response to YF when co-administered with PCV. This has been investigated during a reduced-dose PCV trial in The Gambia.
Methods: In this phase 4, parallel-group, cluster-randomized trial, healthy infants aged 0-10 weeks were randomly allocated to receive either a two-dose schedule of PCV13 with a booster dose co-administered with YF vaccine at age 9 months (1 + 1 co-administration) or YF vaccine administered separately at age 10 months (1 + 1 separate) or the standard three early doses of PCV13 with YF vaccine at age 9 months (3 + 0 separate).
Expert consensus on the benefits of neuraminidase in conventional influenza vaccines: a Delphi study.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Patient-Centered Research, Evidera, London, UK.
Background: Seasonal vaccination is the mainstay of human influenza prevention. Licensed influenza vaccines are regularly updated to account for viral mutations and antigenic drift and are standardised for their haemagglutinin content. However, vaccine effectiveness remains suboptimal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhanced D614G and Omicron Variants Antibody Persistence in Infants at 2 Months of Age Following Maternal mRNA Booster Vaccination During Pregnancy or Postpartum.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
November 2024
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD.
Background: Following maternal COVID-19 vaccination, the persistence of antibodies in sera and breast milk for mothers and infants is not well characterized. We sought to describe the persistence of antibodies through 2 months after delivery in maternal and infant serum and breast milk following maternal COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and to examine differences by receipt of booster dose during pregnancy or postpartum.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study with enrollment from July 2021 to January 2022 at 9 US academic sites.
PD1-Targeted Transgene Delivery to Treg Cells.
Viruses
December 2024
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
Achieving the precise targeting of lentiviral vectors (LVs) to specific cell populations is crucial for effective gene therapy, particularly in cancer treatment where the modulation of the tumor microenvironment can enhance anti-tumor immunity. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is overexpressed on activated tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes, including regulatory T cells that suppress immune responses via FOXP3 expression. We developed PD1-targeted LVs by incorporating the anti-PD1 nanobody nb102c3 into receptor-blinded measles virus H and VSV-G glycoproteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!