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Targeted protein evolution in the gut microbiome by diversity-generating retroelements.
bioRxiv
November 2024
California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs) accelerate evolution by rapidly diversifying variable proteins. The human gastrointestinal microbiota harbors the greatest density of DGRs known in nature, suggesting they play adaptive roles in this environment. We identified >1,100 unique DGRs among human-associated species and discovered a subset that diversify adhesive components of Type V pili and related proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA core microbiome signature as an indicator of health.
Cell
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences and Center for Microbiome, Nutrition, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Rutgers-Jiaotong Joint Laboratory for Microbiome and Human Health, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The gut microbiota acts like a vital organ for human health and consists of core microbes that maintain stable relationships, crucial for understanding their role in various diseases.
- - By analyzing data from dietary interventions and various diseases, researchers identified patterns of correlated bacterial genomes, creating a model of "two competing guilds": one group that thrives on fiber and produces beneficial compounds and another that is associated with disease traits like antibiotic resistance.
- - Using advanced modeling techniques, the study successfully differentiated between healthy and affected individuals based on these gut microbiome signatures, suggesting potential applications for improving health and tailoring treatments such as immunotherapy.
Guild-based approach for mitigating information loss and distortion issues in microbiome analysis.
J Clin Invest
September 2024
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
The Gut Microbiota and Diabetes: Research, Translation, and Clinical Applications-2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum.
Diabetes Care
September 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.
This article summarizes the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organized by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in the field of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: 1) the GM may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as microbially produced metabolites associate both positively and negatively with the disease, and mechanistic links of GM functions (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Gut Microbiota and Diabetes: Research, Translation, and Clinical Applications-2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum.
Diabetes
September 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.
This article summarizes the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organized by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in the field of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: 1) the GM may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as microbially produced metabolites associate both positively and negatively with the disease, and mechanistic links of GM functions (e.
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