Skin cancers are common in organ transplant recipients (OTRs). In this review, we discuss the epidemiology of and risk factors for cutaneous neoplasms, particularly squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in OTRs. The pathogenesis of SCC is reviewed, as well as the potential mechanisms for tumor progression and metastasis associated with two commonly used immunosuppressive medications: tacrolimus and cyclosporine. Finally, we discuss the mechanism of action and potential preventative use of sirolimus, a member of a newer class of immunosuppressants, the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.
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