The occurrence of the exotic ectomycorrhizal fungus Amanita muscaria in a mixed Nothofagus-Eucalyptus native forest was investigated to determine if A. muscaria has switched hosts to form a successful association with a native tree species in a natural environment. A mycorrhizal morphotype consistently found beneath A. muscaria sporocarps was examined, and a range of morphological and anatomical characteristics in common with those described for ectomycorrhizae formed by A. muscaria on a broad range of hosts were observed. A full description is provided. The likely plant associate was determined to be Nothofagus cunninghamii based upon anatomy of the roots. Analysis of ITS-1 and ITS-2 regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences confirmed the identities of both fungal and plant associates. These findings represent conclusive evidence of the invasion of a non-indigenous ectomycorrhizal fungus into native forest and highlight the ecological implications of this discovery.
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Article Synopsis
- * The study used HPLC-PDA to identify and measure α-amanitin, a highly toxic compound found in specific wild mushrooms, confirming its presence in Amanita virosa and Amanita bisporigera.
- * Findings indicate that the detection method is precise and reliable, with successful quantification of α-amanitin in wild samples, emphasizing the need for better safety measures to prevent mushroom poisoning.
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