Dream reports from 21 dreamers in which a metamorphosis of a person-like entity or animal occurred were coded for characters and animals and for inner states attributed to them (Theory of Mind). In myths and fairy tales, Kelly and Keil (1985) found that conscious beings (people, gods) tend to be transformed into entities nearby in the conceptual structure of Keil (1979). This also occurred in dream reports, but perceptual nearness seemed more important than conceptual nearness. In dream reports, most inanimate objects involved in metamorphoses with person-like entities were objects such as statues that ordinarily resemble people physically, and moreover represent people. A metamorphosis of a person-like entity or animal did not lead to an increase in the amount of Theory of Mind attribution. We propose that a character-line starts when a character enters a dream; properties and Theory of Mind attributions tend to be preserved along the line, regardless of whether, metamorphoses occur on it.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2009.01082.x | DOI Listing |
Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Child Psychiatry, Agia Sophia Children's Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athina, Greece.
: Narration is a sensitive tool for the assessment of language in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) since mild language deficits beyond the sentential level are not always noticeable through the administration of standardized language tests targeting the lexical or sentential level. This study investigated the narrative ability of monolingual Greek-speaking HF-ASD children in comparison to that of their typically developing (TD) peers and explored the associations between narrative variables, ADHD symptomatology, and memory skills in the participants on the autistic spectrum. : The participants were 39 children aged 7 to 12 years, 19 with HF-ASD and 20 age-matched, vocabulary-matched, and cognitively matched TD peers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Sci
January 2025
Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balcan Center, Buildings A & B, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
The study examined the relationships between specific Theory-of-Mind (ToM) dimensions, cognitive planning, and sleep duration in aging adults. The sample included 179 participants, comprising 46 cognitively healthy individuals, 75 diagnosed with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), and 58 with non-amnestic (naMCI). The mean age of the participants was 70.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
January 2025
Music College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Introduction: The significance of music might be attributed to its role in social bonding, a function that has likely influenced the evolution of human musicality. Although there is substantial evidence for the relationship between prosocial songs and prosocial behavior, it remains unclear whether music alone, independent of lyrics, can influence prosocial behaviors. This study investigates whether music and the emotions it induces can influence prosocial decision-making, utilizing the classical two-dimensional model of emotion (mood and arousal).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBJPsych Open
January 2025
Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan; and Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
Background: Differences in social behaviours are common in young people with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). Recent research challenges the long-standing hypothesis that difficulties in social cognition explain social behaviour differences.
Aims: We examined how difficulties regulating one's behaviour, emotions and thoughts to adapt to environmental demands (i.
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