AI Article Synopsis
- * These vaccines can be created using methods like hypochlorous acid oxidation, UVB irradiation, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- * To improve the immune response to these vaccines, approved adjuvants like Montanide™ and potentially others like Toll-like receptor agonists and cytokines are used to boost anti-tumor immunity.
Article Abstract
Whole tumor cell lysates can serve as excellent multivalent vaccines for priming tumor-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. Whole cell vaccines can be prepared with hypochlorous acid oxidation, UVB-irradiation and repeat cycles of freeze and thaw. One major obstacle to successful immunotherapy is breaking self-tolerance to tumor antigens. Clinically approved adjuvants, including Montanide™ ISA-51 and 720, and keyhole-limpet proteins can be used to enhance tumor cell immunogenicity by stimulating both humoral and cellular anti-tumor responses. Other potential adjuvants, such as Toll-like receptor agonists (e.g., CpG, MPLA and PolyI:C), and cytokines (e.g., granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor), have also been investigated.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08830185.2011.572210 | DOI Listing |
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