Disorders of gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation disorders belong to rare causes of hypoglycemia. Most of them are diagnosed in a childhood, but they can be revealed also in an adulthood. This paper discusses clinical and laboratory signs of these disorders and presents cases of patients diagnosed in adulthood and described in the literature.
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Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
It is critical to sustain the diversity of the microbiota to maintain host homeostasis and health. Growing evidence indicates that changes in gut microbial biodiversity may be associated with the development of several pathologies, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin is still the first-line drug for treatment of T2DM unless there are contra-indications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
is the specific pathogen for "milky disease" in the Chinese mitten crab (), accounting for huge losses to the industry. And yet, there is no precise study describing the pathogenesis of , largely hindering the development of novel control methods against its causing diseases. Here, we compared the transcriptomes of cells collected from a control group (cultured without hemocytes) and a treatment group (cultured with hemocytes), using RNA sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFree Radic Biol Med
January 2025
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030619, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Medicinal Basic Research Innovation Center of Chronic Kidney Disease, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China. Electronic address:
Cardiac metabolism relies on glycogen conversion by glycolysis. Glycolysis intersects fatty acid oxidation and often directs a signal crosstalk between redox metabolites. Myocardium with ischemia/reperfusion significantly diverts from normal metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Issues Mol Biol
December 2024
Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia.
Amino acid metabolism in breast cancer cells is unique for each molecular biological subtype of breast cancer. In this review, the features of breast cancer cell metabolism are considered in terms of changes in the amino acid composition due to the activity of transmembrane amino acid transporters. In addition to the main signaling pathway PI3K/Akt/mTOR, the activity of the oncogene c-Myc, HIF, p53, GATA2, NF-kB and MAT2A have a direct effect on the amino acid metabolism of cancer cells, their growth and proliferation, as well as the maintenance of homeostatic equilibrium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Biopharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
Previous studies have shown that FGF-21 can ameliorate hyperglycemia and improve the level of oxidative stress in vivo in diabetic mice. The hypoglycemic effect is safe and lasting, but it takes a longer time to exert its effect. Insulin treatment of canine diabetes takes effect quickly; however, its action time is short, and it is prone to cause hypoglycemia.
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