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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr110 | DOI Listing |
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Revising the null model in language evolution research.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Experimental Linguistics, Centre for Language Evolution Studies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń,
We comment on the consequences of the target article for language evolution research. We propose that the default assumption should be that of language-readiness in extinct hominins, and the integration of different types of available evidence from multiple disciplines should be used to assess the likely extent of the realization of this readiness. The role of archaeological evidence should be reconsidered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHominin cognition: The null hypothesis.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham,
The target article explores material culture datasets from three African forager groups. After demonstrating that these modern, contemporary human populations would leave scant evidence of symbolic behaviour or material complexity, it cautioned against using material culture as a barometer for human cognition in the deep past. Twenty-one commentaries broadly support or expand these conclusions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-Invasive Characterisation of Bromoil Prints by External Reflection FTIR Spectroscopy.
Molecules
December 2024
Research Group of Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Art and Conservation Department, Fine Arts Faculty, University of Barcelona, Pau Gargallo, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
The bromoil process, developed in 1907, was a photographic technique highly esteemed by pictorialist photographers for its capacity for image manipulation, which aligns its expressiveness with traditional pictorial techniques. Despite the artistic and technical value of bromoils and their prevalence in renowned collections, there is little research on their composition and structural characteristics. This study uses non-invasive external reflection FTIR spectroscopy to characterise 16 bromoil prints dating from the 1920s to 2010.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulation Studies and Molecular Mechanisms of Human Radioadaptive Capabilities: Is It Time to Rethink Radiation Safety Standards?
Int J Mol Sci
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Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249036 Obninsk, Russia.
The evolution of man on Earth took place under conditions of constant exposure to background ionizing radiation (IR). From this point of view, it would be reasonable to hypothesize the existence of adaptive mechanisms that enable the human organism to safely interact with IR at levels approximating long-term natural background levels. In some situations, the successful operation of molecular mechanisms of protection against IR is observed at values significantly exceeding the natural background level, for example, in cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMurine vs. Human Osteoblast Responses to Coagulation and Inflammatory Factors: Reconsidering the Use of Animal Models in Hemophilia a Research.
Biomedicines
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
: Hemophilia A is associated with frequent bleeding episodes, joint damage, and reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The role of coagulation factors and inflammatory cytokines on bone metabolism, particularly on osteoblast function, is of increasing interest. However, significant inter-species differences in bone remodeling raise concerns about the translatability of findings from murine models to human systems.
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