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Neurochemical Alterations Linked to Persistent COVID-19-Induced Anosmia: Probing Into Orbitofrontal Cortex by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
Acad Radiol
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran (M.H.D., S.N.). Electronic address:
Background: While many COVID-19-induced anosmia patients recover their sense of smell within a few months, a substantial number of them continue to experience olfactory impairment. In our primary study, the metabolic patterns in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) were observed to exhibit more alterations than other regions. Hence, this study specifically probes into alterations within OFC region in subjects with persistent COVID-19-induced anosmia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural correlates of olfactory working memory in the human brain.
Neuroimage
February 2025
Chemical Senses and Mental Health Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:
Previous research has revealed that the insula, pallidum, thalamus, hippocampus, middle frontal gyrus, and supplementary motor area are activated during odor memory and that the performance of olfactory working memory is affected by the verbalization of odors. However, the neural mechanisms underlying olfactory working memory and the role of verbalization in olfactory working memory are not fully understood. Twenty-nine participants were enrolled in a study to complete olfactory and visual n-back tasks using high- and low-verbalizability stimuli while undergoing fMRI imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of sensory impairment in older adults with dementia.
J Otol
October 2024
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Background: Over 55 million people worldwide are living with dementia. The rate of cognitive decline increases with age, and loss of senses may be a contributing factor.
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze hearing, olfactory function, and color vision in patients with dementia.
An Epigenetic Locus Associated with Loss of Smell in COVID-19.
Diagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biruni University, Merkezefendi, 75 Sk No:1-13 M.G., 34015 Istanbul, Turkey.
Background/aim: Loss of smell, also known as anosmia, is a prevalent and often prolonged symptom following infection with SARS-CoV-2. While many patients regain olfactory function within weeks, a significant portion experience persistent anosmia lasting over a year post-infection. The underlying mechanisms responsible for this sensory deficit remain largely uncharacterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrinciples governing the effects of sensory loss on human abilities: An integrative review.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
December 2024
Cambridge Hearing Group, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Blindness or deafness can significantly influence sensory abilities in intact modalities, affecting communication, orientation and navigation. Explanations for why certain abilities are enhanced and others degraded include: crossmodal cortical reorganization enhances abilities by providing additional neural processing resources; and sensory processing is impaired for tasks where calibration from the normally intact sense is required for good performance. However, these explanations are often specific to tasks or modalities, not accounting for why task-dependent enhancement or degradation are observed.
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