A discrete chemotactic predator-prey model is proposed in which the prey secrets a diffusing chemical which is sensed by the predator and vice versa. Two dynamical states corresponding to catching and escaping are identified and it is shown that steady hunting is unstable. For the escape process, the predator-prey distance is diffusive for short times but exhibits a transient subdiffusive behavior which scales as a power law t¹/³ with time t and ultimately crosses over to diffusion again. This allows us to classify the motility and dynamics of various predatory microbes and phagocytes. In particular, there is a distinct region in the parameter space where they prove to be infallible predators.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.83.031914 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Self-Organized Patterns in Non-Reciprocal Active Droplet Systems.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
Non-equilibrium patterns are widespread in nature and often arise from the self-organization of constituents through nonreciprocal chemotactic interactions. In this study, we demonstrate how active oil-in-water droplet mixtures with predator-prey interactions can result in a variety of self-organized patterns. By manipulating physical parameters, the droplet diameter ratio and number ratio, we identify distinct classes of patterns within a binary droplet system, rationalize the pattern formation, and quantify motilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinctive chemotactic responses of three marine herbivore protists to DMSP and related compounds.
ISME J
January 2024
Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Marine planktonic predator-prey interactions occur in microscale seascapes, where diffusing chemicals may act either as chemotactic cues that enhance or arrest predation, or as elemental resources that are complementary to prey ingestion. The phytoplankton osmolyte dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and its degradation products dimethylsulfide (DMS) and acrylate are pervasive compounds with high chemotactic potential, but there is a longstanding controversy over whether they act as grazing enhancers or deterrents. Here, we investigated the chemotactic responses of three herbivorous dinoflagellates to point-sourced, microscale gradients of dissolved DMSP, DMS, and acrylate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotoactive and Intrinsically Fuel Sensing Metal-Organic Framework Motors for Tailoring Collective Behaviors of Active-Passive Colloids.
Small
August 2023
Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
Microorganisms display nonequilibrium predator-prey behaviors, such as chasing-escaping and schooling via chemotactic interactions. Even though artificial systems have revealed such biomimetic behaviors, switching between them by control over chemotactic interactions is rare. Here, a spindle-like iron-based metal-organic framework (MOF) colloidal motor which self-propels in glucose and H O , triggered by UV light is reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiofilm matrix cloaks bacterial quorum sensing chemoattractants from predator detection.
ISME J
May 2022
Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Microbes often secrete high levels of quorum sensing (QS) autoinducers into the environment to coordinate gene expression and biofilm formation, but risk detection and subsequent predation by bacterivorous predators. With such prominent signaling molecules acting as chemoattractants that diffuse into the environment at alarmingly high concentrations, it is unclear if bacterial cells can mask their chemical trails from predator detection. Here, we describe a microbial-based anti-detection adaptation, termed as "biofilm cloak", where the biofilm prey produced biofilm matrix exopolysaccharides that "locked" and reduced the leaching of autoinducers into the milieu, thereby concealing their trails to the detection by the bacterivorous Caenorhabditis elegans nematode.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHunting active Brownian particles: Learning optimal behavior.
Phys Rev E
November 2021
Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7-9, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
We numerically study active Brownian particles that can respond to environmental cues through a small set of actions (switching their motility and turning left or right with respect to some direction) which are motivated by recent experiments with colloidal self-propelled Janus particles. We employ reinforcement learning to find optimal mappings between the state of particles and these actions. Specifically, we first consider a predator-prey situation in which prey particles try to avoid a predator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!