The present study examined the electrophysiological correlates of intentional forgetting using the item-method directed forgetting paradigm. Participants (N=23) studied a series of words each followed by either a "remember" cue (TBR) or a "forget" cue (TBF) and then undertook an old/new recognition memory test for which they were requested to endorse studied items regardless of original remember/forget status. Event-related potentials time locked to the cues were examined as a function of subsequent recognition-memory accuracy. Results showed that TBR and TBF cues elicited Dm or subsequent memory effects that differed in scalp distribution and polarity, suggesting activation of fundamentally different encoding operations for the respective sets of items. Additionally, analyses that examined the processes underlying successful implementations of intentions to forget (i.e., TBF-miss vs. TBR-miss) and intentions to remember (i.e., TBR-hit vs. TBF-hit) revealed that in case of unwanted information a frontal inhibition mechanism is engaged to stop processes associated with intentional memory formation. These results counter the possibility that directed forgetting reflects only the more elaborate encoding of TBR than TBF words and, instead, implicate the existence of an active inhibitory mechanism directed at TBF words once the forget cue is presented.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2011.04.004 | DOI Listing |
Exp Psychol
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitob, Canada.
The item-based directed-forgetting effect is explained as a difference in how strongly people encode remember-cued over forget-cued targets. In contrast, the production effect is typically explained as a difference in the distinctiveness of the memory of produced over unproduced targets. The procedural alignment of the two effects - directing participants to remember or forget, produce or not - coupled with their different theoretical explanations (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pain
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UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeerJ Comput Sci
September 2024
Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Background: The Automatic Essay Score (AES) prediction system is essential in education applications. The AES system uses various textural and grammatical features to investigate the exact score value for AES. The derived features are processed by various linear regressions and classifiers that require the learning pattern to improve the overall score.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNIHR Open Res
November 2024
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Background: Opioid substitution therapy (also known as 'opioid agonist therapy' or 'medication treatment of opioid use disorder') is associated with improved health and social outcomes for people who use heroin and other illicit opioids. It is typically managed in the community and is not always continued when people are admitted to hospital. This causes opioid withdrawal, patient-directed discharge, and increased costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cancer Surviv
November 2024
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Purpose: Cancer and cancer treatment have been associated with cognitive changes in survivorship, with forgetfulness and distractibility reported years post-treatment. Deficits in attention control may explain these difficulties. We assessed breast cancer survivors using a primary measure of attention control, the saccade/antisaccade task, to assess the effects of diagnosis and treatment.
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