The results of injection of the autologous stromal (mesenchymal) marrow-derived stem cells (ASMSC) transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene into the rat uterine scar were studied by methods of light microscopy. One week after ASMSC injection into the formed scar on the right side (2 months after the uterine horn ligation), large groups of blood vessels containing the formed elements of blood were found, while these were absent in the uterine scar on the opposite side. The study of the unstained sections in the reflected ultraviolet light demonstrated bright luminescence in the vessel endothelium and adventitia in the uterine horn scar only at the side of ASMSC injection. It is suggested that after the injection of ASMSC in the uterine horn scar, they form blood vessels as result of a differentiation into endotheliocytes and pericytes. The expression of GFP gene not only in vascularl endothelium, but also in their adventitia, indicated that the differentiation ASMSC is possible in both endotheliocytes and in pericytes.
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