[Various modes of lung ventilation in children during transition to spontaneous breathing].

The purpose of the study is to compare the effect of SIMV and BIPAP ventilation modes for the duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of the "weaning" from a respirator, the condition of gas metabolism and hemodynamics in children transferring to spontaneous breathing. In a retrospective cohort study included 30 children (16 boys and 14 girls) aged from 1 month to 18 years, which were on mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours and required a gradual "weaning" from the unit. The children were treated in the department of general intensive care unit of Tushino City Pediatric Hospital from January 2008 to August 2010. To all the patients with duration of mechanical ventilation of more than 48 hours, as well as with an earlier unsuccessful test of the spontaneous breathing, gradual "weaning" from the unit was conducted. Depending on which mode was used the children were divided into two groups. In the first group SIMV+ PS mode was used for "weaning", while for the second group the BIPAP+ PS mode was used. Patients in both groups did not differ in age, sex, severity of illness at admission on the scale of PRISM, nosological forms and duration of mechanical ventilation before transfer to spontaneous respiration. Transition of patients to spontaneous respiration was accompanied by adaptive changes in the indices of respiratory system and hemodynamics, most pronounced after extubation. The reliable difference in the duration of weaning from the device was (3.21 + 2.0 days in SIMV group vs. 2.75 + 1.34 days in BIPAP group, p = 0.05). In the SIMV group the frequency of desynchronization episodes was greater (SIMV--an average of 3.75 + 1.4 episodes per day compared to 2.37 + 0.85 episodes in the BIPAP group, p = 0.003). The advantages of using BIPAP+ PS mode are the duration of weaning from the unit and the synchronization with the respirator. The statistically significant estimates of the parameters of pulmonary ventilation and hemodynamics require further study.