AI Article Synopsis
- * In pancreatic β-cells, H(2)S is produced by enzymes like cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), and it inhibits insulin release while promoting β-cell survival.
- * Increased expression of CSE in response to glucose enhances H(2)S production, which protects β-cells from death due to high glucose exposure, highlighting potential new pathways for understanding diabetes progression.
Article Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is an important signaling molecule in various mammalian cells and tissues. H(2)S is synthesized from L-cysteine and regulates several cellular and physiological phenomena (vasorelaxation, hormone secretion, and apoptosis) and multicellular events (neuromodulation and inflammatory responses). H(2)S can be produced in pancreatic β-cells by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) or cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE). H(2)S inhibits insulin release and regulates β-cell survival. We found that glucose stimulation increased CSE expression at transcript and protein levels in mouse pancreatic islets. We also found that H(2)S protects β-cells that were chronically exposed to high glucose from apoptotic cell death. Loss of β-cell mass and failures of β-cell function are important in the pathogenesis and/or progression of diabetes mellitus; therefore, molecular analyses of the mechanisms of H(2)S production and its protective effects on β-cells may lead to new insights into diabetes mellitus.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.11r01cp | DOI Listing |
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