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A common style of argument in the literature on free will and moral responsibility is the Manipulation Argument. These tend to begin with a case of an agent in a deterministic universe who is manipulated, say, via brain surgery, into performing some action. Intuitively, this agent is not responsible for that action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and Evaluation of a Deep Learning Model to Reduce Exomass-Related Metal Artefacts in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Jaws.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol
November 2024
Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Objectives: To develop and evaluate a deep learning (DL) model to reduce metal artefacts originating from the exomass in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the jaws.
Methods: Five porcine mandibles, each featuring six tubes filled with a radiopaque solution, were scanned using four CBCT units before and after the incremental insertion of up to three titanium, titanium-zirconium, and zirconia dental implants in the exomass of a small field of view. A conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic model, using DL techniques, was employed to correct images from exomass-related metal artefacts across the CBCT units and implant scenarios.
Integer programming framework for pangenome-based genome inference.
bioRxiv
October 2024
Department of Computational and Data Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore KA 560012, India.
Affordable genotyping methods are essential in genomics. Commonly used genotyping methods primarily support single nucleotide variants and short indels but neglect structural variants. Additionally, accuracy of read alignments to a reference genome is unreliable in highly polymorphic and repetitive regions, further impacting genotyping performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing Biofilm at the Bedside: Exploring Reliable Accessible Biofilm Detection Methods.
Diagnostics (Basel)
September 2024
Independent Researcher, Warrington WA4 5QZ, UK.
Introduction: Biofilm is linked through a variety of mechanisms to the pathogenesis of chronic wounds. However, accurate biofilm detection is challenging, demanding highly specialized and technically complex methods rendering it unapplicable for most clinical settings. This study evaluated promising methods of bedside biofilm localization, fluorescence imaging of wound bacterial loads, and biofilm blotting by comparing their performance against validation scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApproximate and Exact Optimization Algorithms for the Beltway and Turnpike Problems with Duplicated, Missing, Partially Labeled, and Uncertain Measurements.
J Comput Biol
October 2024
Ray and Stephanie Lane Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The Turnpike problem focuses on reconstructing one-dimensional points from their pairwise distances, crucial in fields like biology for tasks such as genomic sequencing and molecular structure determination.
- Handling noisy data makes this problem NP-hard, traditionally requiring extensive time and space to solve, motivating a new approach based on optimization to enhance efficiency.
- The proposed suite of algorithms includes a bilevel optimization framework capable of tackling large instances and adapting to constraints like missing or duplicated distances, achieving high scalability and performance in comparison to existing solutions.
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