Unintentional poisoning is a fast-growing public health problem that once evoked an image of a street denizen injecting heroin or snorting cocaine. Today's victim is white, male, and middle-aged--and the drugs are prescribed. In North Carolina, unintentional poisoning is the second-leading cause of death due to unintentional injury, and injuries due to any cause are the leading cause of potential years of life lost. Comprehensive prevention measures are needed now to stem this burgeoning problem.
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Clinical toxicity of nitazene detections in two Australian emergency department toxicosurveillance systems.
Drug Alcohol Rev
January 2025
Victorian Poisons Information Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.
Introduction: Nitazenes are a group of potent synthetic opioids that have had increasing prominence as novel psychoactive drugs in the last 5 years. We describe emergency department nitazene-related presentations.
Methods: This is a prospective series of patients with analytically confirmed nitazene presentations identified by the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia and Emerging Drugs Network of Australia Victoria.
Characterization of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist exposures reported to a single United States poison center.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
January 2025
Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety Center, Denver, CO, USA.
Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists have gained attention in recent years due to their efficacy in managing type II diabetes mellitus and their emerging role in weight management. The purpose of this study was to characterize glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist exposures reported to a single United States regional poison center over nine years, including causes of exposure, associated clinical effects, and potential areas for improving patient education and safety.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed all poison center calls involving glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists submitted to a single United States regional poison center from 14 January 2014 to 1 May 2023.
Combinations of substances contributing to death among overdose decedents in Maryland (2020-2021).
Inj Prev
January 2025
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Background: In 2020, Maryland had the fourth-highest opioid overdose mortality rate in the USA. We describe substances identified in postmortem toxicology screening and designated as cause of death (COD) for overdose decedents in Maryland, including specific combinations of substances designated as COD.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of N=5442 adult overdose decedents (ie, manner of death unintentional or undetermined) in Maryland between January 2020 and December 2021.
Pulmonary aspiration after activated charcoal in unintentional acute poisonings in childhood.
Arch Dis Child
January 2025
Pediatric Emergency Department, Cruces University Hospital Paediatric Emergencies, Barakaldo, Spain
Introduction: Although the administration of activated charcoal (AC) is considered safe, the associated risk of pulmonary aspiration explains certain reluctance of physicians to use this procedure. The objective of this study was to analyse the rate of pulmonary aspiration in children receiving AC after accidental ingestion of a toxic substance.
Methods: We carried out a substudy of a multicentre prospective registry-based cohort study including children presenting with acute poisoning to 58 paediatric emergency department (EDs) members of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergency Medicine between 2008 and 2022 on certain previously designated days.
Non-fatal drug overdose surveillance using hospital discharge data: a comparison between the Drug Overdose Surveillance and Epidemiology (DOSE) system and the Healthcare Cost and Utilisation Project, 18 states, 2018-2020.
Inj Prev
December 2024
Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Drug Overdose Surveillance and Epidemiology (DOSE) system captures non-fatal overdose data from health departments' emergency department (ED) and inpatient hospitalisation discharge data; however, these data have not been compared with other established state-level surveillance systems, which may lag by several years depending on the state. This analysis compared non-fatal overdose rates from DOSE discharge data with rates from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) in order to compare DOSE data against an established dataset.
Methods: DOSE discharge data case definitions (ie, International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, Clinical Modification codes) for non-fatal unintentional/undetermined intent all drug, all opioid-involved, heroin-involved and stimulant-involved overdoses were applied to HCUP's 2018-2020 State Emergency Department Databases (SEDD) and State Inpatient Databases (SID).
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